Explain the causes of the Spanish American War

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§ § Explain the causes of the Spanish. American War. Identify the major battles

§ § Explain the causes of the Spanish. American War. Identify the major battles of the Spanish-American War. Describe the consequences of the war, including the debate over imperialism. Examine the causes and consequences of the Philippine insurrection.

� By 1897, American businesses invested $50 million in Cuban sugar/other businesses � Potential

� By 1897, American businesses invested $50 million in Cuban sugar/other businesses � Potential � Cubans for new American markets! rebelled against the Spanish rule � 1895 Cuban Jose Marti launched war for independence Used guerrilla tactics Spanish responded with reconcentration camps (starve the population into submission) Americans favored the Cubans

� Yellow Press �William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer �Published sensational headlines and pictures

� Yellow Press �William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer �Published sensational headlines and pictures Exaggerated the truth to get more people to buy newspapers � Mc. Kinley threatened intervention if Spain didn’t reform � De Lome letter: Spanish ambassador’s letter was stolen and published in Hearst’s newspaper Called Mc. Kinley stupid and weak! � Jingoism: aggressive nationalism!

� USS Maine sent to Havana harbor to protect American citizens/property � The Maine

� USS Maine sent to Havana harbor to protect American citizens/property � The Maine blew up � 266 Americans killed �Yellow Press accused Spain of a land mine �“Remember the Maine!” � Nation at war �War fever across the nation �Spain tried to make concessions, but war declared April 1898 Teller Amendment �Government would NOT annex Cuba

� George Dewey �Led navy into the Spanish-held Philippines �Quickly destroyed Spanish fleet �US

� George Dewey �Led navy into the Spanish-held Philippines �Quickly destroyed Spanish fleet �US army worked with Filipino freedom fighter Emilio Aguinaldo � U. S. in Cuba �US strategy led by General William R. Shafter �June 1898, captured Guantanamo Bay �Troops not prepared for battle �Rough Riders-T. Roosevelt �After battle of San Juan Hill-Spanish surrendered

� Treaty of Paris �Dec. 1898 officially ended war �Spain gave up Cuba, Puerto

� Treaty of Paris �Dec. 1898 officially ended war �Spain gave up Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam �Sold Philippines for $20 million to U. S. � Debate Imperialism �What should US do with the Philippines? Pro-Imperialists: markets/business, Social Darwinism, educate Filipinos Anti-Imperialists (WJ Bryan, Mark Twain): disloyal to independence idealism, hurt American workers �War marked turning point in U. S. foreign policy (military and economic power) �Strong navy; increase in jingoism

� Emilio Aguinaldo organized an insurrection against U. S. rule (Philippine American War) �Guerrilla

� Emilio Aguinaldo organized an insurrection against U. S. rule (Philippine American War) �Guerrilla warfare �U. S. used concentration camps, mass killings �Aguinaldo killed; 5, 000 Americans/200, 000 Filipinos killed � William H. Taft became governor of the Philippines �Censored press, dissidents in jail �Built schools, roads and bridges �Jones Act-Philippines would gain independence

Activity Search for Missing Bride Continues Bride Missing! Groom’s Family Blame History of Mental

Activity Search for Missing Bride Continues Bride Missing! Groom’s Family Blame History of Mental Illness

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