Expansion of Slavery Mid 1800s Abolition Movement to

Expansion of Slavery Mid 1800’s

Abolition • Movement to end slavery • William Lloyd Garrison published The Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper • Frederick Douglass • Most influential African abolitionist • Escaped as a slave… later bought his own freedom • Published the North Star, an abolitionist newspaper • Harriet Tubman • Worked as part of the “Underground Railroad” • Was called “Black Moses” for rescuing over 300 slaves

IX. Growth and Expansion of Slavery • Missouri Compromise • See previous notes • Compromise of 1850 • California • Henry Clay proposed compromise of 1850 • John C. Calhoun opposed it • North would have more power with additional free states • Believed government had no right to deny the liberty of slave owning • Compromise of 1850 passed… California would be a free state

• Kansas – Nebraska Act • Stephen Douglas wanted Kansas and Nebraska to become states for trade purposes • According to the Missouri Compromise, Kansas and Nebraska would be free states • Stephen Douglas wanted to become President… needed the South’s help • Douglas proposed the Kansas and Nebraska Act • Established the idea of POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY • Would allow states to determine whether to be slave or not • North hated the idea…. Thought Stephen Douglas was a sell-out

• Bleeding Kansas • Pro-slavery southerners looted offices and homes of FREESOILERS • John Brown struck back by killing 5 men in a series of night raids • Raids and counter-raids continued throughout the summer of 1856 • Bleeding Sumner • Charles Sumner insulted Senator Andrew Butler in Congress • Butler’s nephew, Preston Brooks, caned Sumner in Congress