EXPANSION DOMAIN 2 PART I LOUISIANA PURCHASE Thomas

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EXPANSION DOMAIN 2 PART I

EXPANSION DOMAIN 2 PART I

LOUISIANA PURCHASE • Thomas Jefferson won the “Revolution of 1800” because people wanted a

LOUISIANA PURCHASE • Thomas Jefferson won the “Revolution of 1800” because people wanted a president to de-centralize the federal government – First Republican president • Jefferson sent James Monroe to France to buy New Orleans for $5 million – France agreed to sell not only New Orleans but the whole Louisiana Territory for $15 million – As a result, the US nearly doubled in size • Did Jefferson violate the trust of those that elected him? 6 b

“MAD TOM IN A RAGE” • A Federalist cartoon etching of 1801 attacking the

“MAD TOM IN A RAGE” • A Federalist cartoon etching of 1801 attacking the administration of Thomas Jefferson. Talk bubbles: • Devil is saying, "Pull away pull away my son don’t fear! I’ll give you all my assistance. “ • Response: “I fear it is stronger rooted than I expected but with the assistance of my old friend a little more brandy I will bring it down. "

LEWIS & CLARK • Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the

LEWIS & CLARK • Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the Louisiana Purchase, all the way to the Pacific Ocean • 16 month expedition was supposed to: – – Chart trails west Map rivers and mountain ranges Describe and collect samples of wildlife Record facts & figures about Native Americans • Why is the Lewis & Clark expedition important for America? 6 b

WAR OF 1812: THE CAUSES • President James Madison declared war on Great Britain

WAR OF 1812: THE CAUSES • President James Madison declared war on Great Britain for FOUR main reasons (1) Britain was making it difficult for the US to trade with France (2) British ships were stopping US ships and impressing thousands of Americans into the British navy (3) “War hawks” in Congress were calling for action because of suspected British military support to western American Indians (4) Beating Britain (again) would get them out of North America (Canada) altogether • Was Mr. Madison wise to declare war on Britain? 6 c

WAR OF 1812: THE RESULTS • During the war, the British burned the White

WAR OF 1812: THE RESULTS • During the war, the British burned the White House and the Capitol building • America won little victories on Lake Erie and an ironic victory in New Orleans – Led by General Andrew Jackson in New Orleans • This would be the last time the US and Britain ever fight and the US won respect as a worthy opponent • Nationalism rises as a result of the end of the war • Why does nationalism rise after this war? 6 c

WRITTEN RESPONSE: • Which one was the better president? Explain what you do like

WRITTEN RESPONSE: • Which one was the better president? Explain what you do like about one, while also explaining what you don’t like about the other one. – Thomas Jefferson’s presidency is defined mostly by the Louisiana Purchase – James Madison’s presidency is defined mostly by the War of 1812

DESCRIBE THE CAUSES OF A RISE IN AMERICAN NATIONALISM. (1) Which president made the

DESCRIBE THE CAUSES OF A RISE IN AMERICAN NATIONALISM. (1) Which president made the Louisiana Purchase? (2) What did the purchase do to the size of the United States? (3) Who did the president send to explore the Louisiana Territory?

DESCRIBE THE CAUSES OF A RISE IN AMERICAN NATIONALISM. • What is nationalism? •

DESCRIBE THE CAUSES OF A RISE IN AMERICAN NATIONALISM. • What is nationalism? • What does it mean to be nationalistic?

A NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE • As more families moved west of the Appalachian Mtns, into

A NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE • As more families moved west of the Appalachian Mtns, into the LA Purchase, a growing network of toll roads and downstream river barges were the people’s best options • The steamboat enables more people to travel to more places more easily (and quickly) • Canals were built to help move people on • What can we compare these rivers and toll roads to today? 6 d

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ERIE CANAL • The most famous canal was the Erie Canal • After 8

ERIE CANAL • The most famous canal was the Erie Canal • After 8 years of digging, it finally opened in 1825, its 363 miles connected the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean • Transportation costs dropped and markets from west to east were opened up • Different regions were connected and people were encouraged to settle the west • What does the Erie Canal tell us about the infrastructure of America? 6 d

RISE OF NEW YORK CITY • Until 1835, Philadelphia had been America’s largest city

RISE OF NEW YORK CITY • Until 1835, Philadelphia had been America’s largest city • Soon, booming trade led the population of NYC to grow to become the largest US city • NYC was the link in between European markets across the ocean and American agriculture in the interior of the US • What was it that probably directly led to NYC becoming this major trade center? 6 d

NYC, 1880 6 d

NYC, 1880 6 d

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MONROE DOCTRINE APPARTS • Author • Place and Time • Prior Knowledge • Audience

MONROE DOCTRINE APPARTS • Author • Place and Time • Prior Knowledge • Audience • Reason • (The) Main Idea • Significance 6 e

THE MONROE DOCTRINE • In 1823, President James Monroe warned European nations to not

THE MONROE DOCTRINE • In 1823, President James Monroe warned European nations to not intervene in the politics of North & South America • European nations were no longer welcome to settle and govern colonies in the Americas • Monroe told Europe that we would defend the Western Hemisphere, as it defends itself • How do you think the world regarded the Doctrine? • How do you think Americans regarded the Doctrine? 6 e

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THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION • Power-driven machines operated by unskilled workers replace hand tools and

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION • Power-driven machines operated by unskilled workers replace hand tools and skilled workers • Eli Whitney captured the spirit of the Revolution with his inventions – Cotton Gin: rapidly removes cotton seeds, reduced costs, increased profits, increased need for more cotton crops – Interchangeable Parts: for muskets, a broken piece used to mean a need for a new musket… now, if one piece broke, that one piece could be replaced… mass production is spurred on by this invention • What is the effect of the invention of the cotton gin on the need for slaves in the South? 7 a

COTTON GIN 7 a

COTTON GIN 7 a

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS 7 a

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS 7 a

New England Textile Mills 7 a

New England Textile Mills 7 a

LOWELL MILL, MA 7 a

LOWELL MILL, MA 7 a

FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PICTURE TAKE FIVE MINUTES IN YOUR GROUPS TO ANSWER

FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PICTURE TAKE FIVE MINUTES IN YOUR GROUPS TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. 1. How does this picture depict the president? 2. Who does this picture appeal to? 3. What is the bias of this picture, if any? 4. Write down any other facts or details you notice in the picture. 7 e

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JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY • Seeking a stronger presidency and a weaker Congress – (look for

JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY • Seeking a stronger presidency and a weaker Congress – (look for someone as experienced as…a former general) • Followers and supporters of politicians should be given government jobs to limit power of elite groups (spoils system) • More respect given to the opinions of the common man – Suffrage extended to all white males, not just those that owned land • What kind of president should we expect Andrew Jackson to be? 7 e

POPULAR POLITICS • Jackson was elected in 1828, after getting cheated out of the

POPULAR POLITICS • Jackson was elected in 1828, after getting cheated out of the 1824 election, and he brought a lot more participation – The brand new Democratic party was a success • Things could get pretty brutal in public displays of campaign songs, pamphlets, posters, barbecues, rallies, buttons, etc – Andrew Jackson’s attitudes toward Native Americans & National Banking were challenged • What are the advantages to this increased attention to politics? 7 e

NULLIFICATION CRISIS • Vice President John C. Calhoun argued with Andrew Jackson about states’

NULLIFICATION CRISIS • Vice President John C. Calhoun argued with Andrew Jackson about states’ rights to nullify (cancel) federal laws • Southern states wanted to nullify a high tariff (tax) Congress had passed on manufactured goods coming in from Europe – The tariff was good for Northern business, but bad for Southern plantation owners • Using this crisis as evidence, what is nationalism being replaced by in the US? 8 c

NECESSARY OR WRONG? 7 e

NECESSARY OR WRONG? 7 e

DESCRIBE HOW THE ERA OF JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY GAVE BIRTH TO AN ERA OF SOCIAL

DESCRIBE HOW THE ERA OF JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY GAVE BIRTH TO AN ERA OF SOCIAL REFORMS. • What is reform and what does it mean? • What types of things need to be reformed in this school, state, country, world? • How would you go about getting these things changed. 7 e

REFORMS: TEMPERANCE • Women and religious leaders pushed the issue – Temperance, to encourage

REFORMS: TEMPERANCE • Women and religious leaders pushed the issue – Temperance, to encourage people to drink less – Prohibition, to outlaw it altogether • Protestant Christian groups expanded their influence as a result, especially in western and rural areas • Why were women helping to lead this reform movement? 7 c

REFORMS: EDUCATION • Public education was still a slow idea to grow in the

REFORMS: EDUCATION • Public education was still a slow idea to grow in the new republic • Horace Mann argued that all children should be required to attend free schools built by taxpayers and led by trained teachers that had been given a planned curriculum • How did the Industrial Revolution compete with the education reform movement? 7 c

REFORMS: WOMEN’S RIGHTS • In the early 1800 s, women had few rights –

REFORMS: WOMEN’S RIGHTS • In the early 1800 s, women had few rights – No suffrage, no custody or landowning rights • Elizabeth Cady Stanton was an outspoken advocate for women’s full citizenship rights • In 1848, she organized the Seneca Falls Conference in New York to publish a declaration for women’s rights (suffrage) • What other women were involved in this movement? 7 d

REFORMS: ABOLITION • Abolitionists believed that slavery should be abolished and it should not

REFORMS: ABOLITION • Abolitionists believed that slavery should be abolished and it should not be allowed in new states • Women were highly involved in this movement as well • Where in the US was the abolitionist movement particularly strong? 7 c

ABOLITIONISTS • William Lloyd Garrison, a northern writer and editor of The Liberator, was

ABOLITIONISTS • William Lloyd Garrison, a northern writer and editor of The Liberator, was an important white abolitionist who used graphic stories to show the bad treatment of slaves • Frederick Douglass, a former slave, wrote an important autobiography and traveled widely to give speeches in favor of African American equality • The Grimke sisters, Sarah & Angelina, were two southern women who lectured all around the North about the evils of slavery they had seen growing up on a plantation • In what way did abolitionists come from diverse backgrounds? 8 a

William Lloyd Garrison Grimke sisters Frederick Douglass 8 a

William Lloyd Garrison Grimke sisters Frederick Douglass 8 a

DESCRIBE EVIDENCE OF MANIFEST DESTINY. Imagine the year is 1840… • You, your partner

DESCRIBE EVIDENCE OF MANIFEST DESTINY. Imagine the year is 1840… • You, your partner and your three children are considering moving from Georgia out into the West, maybe Oregon or California – WHAT WOULD BE TWO REASONS TO DO IT? – WHAT WOULD BE ONE REASON NOT TO DO IT? 7 b

CHANGING AMERICAN NATIONALISM • In Jackson’s day, Americans believed that their nation was different

CHANGING AMERICAN NATIONALISM • In Jackson’s day, Americans believed that their nation was different and superior to other nations – Also, that it was their duty to expand Protestantism, the English language, and culture all the way to the Pacific Ocean, just as the Founding Fathers would have wanted it • Can nationalism continue at a high level as expansionism starts to take off, or is nationalism in danger? 7 e

MANIFEST DESTINY “IF HELL LAY TO THE WEST, AMERICANS WOULD CROSS HEAVEN TO GET

MANIFEST DESTINY “IF HELL LAY TO THE WEST, AMERICANS WOULD CROSS HEAVEN TO GET THERE. ” 7 b

MANIFEST DESTINY “OBVIOUS FATE” • • Supported by Jacksonian Democratic principles Between 1800 -1860,

MANIFEST DESTINY “OBVIOUS FATE” • • Supported by Jacksonian Democratic principles Between 1800 -1860, America doubled in size and doubled in number of states (16 to 33) • Three key motivations for westward movement (1) Most Americans wanted to own their own land (2) Gold and other valuable resources lay in the West (3) The US was destined to stretch across North America for economic expansion • Are there any negative things to consider about American expansionist dreams? 7 b

ROUTES WEST 7 b

ROUTES WEST 7 b

OUR “PROVIDENTIAL” DESTINY 7 b

OUR “PROVIDENTIAL” DESTINY 7 b

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President James K. Polk 8 d

President James K. Polk 8 d

MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR • In 1845, the US annexed Texas as a new state (some

MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR • In 1845, the US annexed Texas as a new state (some ten years after it had declared itself independent of Mexican rule) • Annexation led America to look at other Mexican lands, war broke in 1846 under the presidency of James K. Polk • American victory in the war led to a large Mexican Cession of lands including Arizona, New Mexico, and California 8 d

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