Expanding Markets and Moving West Economic opportunity and

Expanding Markets and Moving West Economic opportunity and “manifest destiny” encourage Americans to head west. The U. S. gains territory in a war with Mexico. NEXT

9. 1 The Market Revolution Technological changes create greater interaction and more economic diversity among the regions of the nation. NEXT

http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=JUr. Ljs 4 IRcc http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Szadcmhfj. M 8 b SECTION 1 I. U. S. Markets Expand A. Changing Economic Activities • Early 1800 s farm families self-sufficient • Mid-1800 s farmers begin specialization —raise 1 or 2 cash crops • Market revolution —people buy/sell goods rather than make them = more dependent on others. B. The Entrepreneurial Spirit • Capitalism —private control of means of production, used for profit • Entrepreneurs invest own money in new industries; great loss, profit Continued. . . NEXT

SECTION 1 C. New Inventions • Inventor-entrepreneurs develop new products • Elias Howe-sewing machine • Factory production of clothing now possible; prices drop by over 75% D. Impact on Household Economy • Farmers begin using mechanized farm equipment; boost industry output • Technology lowers cost of factory items; workers become consumers NEXT

http: //www. history. com/topics/inventions/telegraph SECTION 1 II. The Economic Revolution A. Impact on Communication • Samuel F. B. Morse develops telegraph: - messages tapped in code, carried by copper wire - businesses, railroads transmit information B. Impact on Transportation • Robert Fulton --invention of the steam boat resulted in cut freight costs, quicker travel • Canals connect Midwest farmers to world markets http: //video. about. com/inventors/Pr ofile-of-Robert-Fulton. htm Continued. . . NEXT

http: //www. history. com/topics/inventions/transc ontinental-railroad/videos/american-railroad SECTION 1 C. Emergence of Railroads • 1840 s, shipping by railroad much costlier than by canal • Railroads faster, operate in winter, go inland • Early train travel uncomfortable for passengers • By 1850 s, railroads expand, cost drops, safety increased Continued. . . NEXT

SECTION 1 III. New Markets Link Regions A. Effect of Regional Links • Improved transportation, communication make regions interdependent • Growing links lead to development of regional specialties B. Southern Agriculture • South relies on cotton/tobacco/rice • South lacks capital for factories; money tied up in land, slaves Continued. . . NEXT

http: //www. biography. com/people/john-deere-9269591 SECTION 1 C. Northeast Shipping and Manufacturing • Canals, railroads turn Northeast into center of American commerce • Great rise in manufacturing: more, better, less expensive goods D. Midwest Farming • John Deere invents steel plow; farmers replace oxen with horses • Cyrus Mc. Cormick invents mechanical reaper; 1 farmer can do work of 5 • Farmers shift from subsistence farming to growing cash crops NEXT