EXOTIC BREEDS EXOTIC DAIRY BREEDS HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN Physical

EXOTIC BREEDS

EXOTIC DAIRY BREEDS

HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN Physical Characteristics: Originates from Holland. Most widely distributed breed of dairy cattle in temperate zone as well as in tropical countries. Holsteins cattle are ruggedly built Posses large udders. It has color patterns of black and white or red and white.

Production Parameters: Average milk production is 7500 9000 kg with 3. 5 % fat A mature Holstein cow weighs about 550 kg. Age at first calving is 25 -27 months The normal productive life of a Holstein is six years.

JERSEY Body Characteristics: From Denmark to Australia, from Canada to South America and from South Africa to Japan Adaptable to a wide range of climatic and geographical conditions Excellent grazers and perform well in intensive grazing programs. More tolerant of heat than the larger breeds.

The color in Jerseys may vary n from a very light gray or mouse color n to a very dark fawn or a shade that is almost black. n Both the bulls and females are commonly darker about the hips and about the head and shoulders than on the body.

Production Parameters: Average body weight 400 kg. Average milk production is 6000 kg. Age at first calving ranges from 23 -24 months.

AYRSHIRES Physical Characteristics: Ayrshires are red and white, and purebred Ayrshires only produce red and white offspring. Actually, the red color is a reddishbrown mahogany that varies in shade from very light to very dark

The colors markings vary from nearly all red to nearly all white. The spots are usually very jagged at the edges and often small and scattered over the entire body of the cow They are strong, rugged cattle that adapt to all management systems Calves are strong and easy to raise.

Production Parameters: The Ayrshire is a moderate butterfat breed. The actual average of all Ayrshires on Official DHIR test is over 5500 kg of milk with a 3. 9% test. Ayrshires respond to good management and feeding practices and individual Ayrshire herds average as high as 8, 000 kg of milk.

Top producing Ayrshires holds the current world record for Ayrshire. In 305 days, on twice-a-day milking, she produced 16, 900 kg of milk. Ayrshires are medium-sized cattle and should weigh over 550 kg at maturity.

AUSTRALIAN FRIESIAN SAHIWAL Physical Characteristics: The Queensland Government has developed this breed in Australia. The breed was evolved using the Sahiwal a dairy breed of Zebu from Pakistan, and the Australian Holstein. Friesian.

It has tick resistance and heat tolerance with reliable milk production and fertility. It has now been extensively tested in the tropical and sub-tropical areas of Australia. Under these conditions, it outperforms the Holstein Friesian by approximately 15 percent.

Production Parameters: Average milk yield is 3, 000 liters for mature cows. Milk quality is good – protein level is 3. 4 percent and butterfat is approximately 4. 0 percent.

AUSTRALIAN MILKING ZEBU Physical Characteristics: In an effort to overcome the problems of traditional dairy breeds performing at reduced levels under hot, humid and tick-infested conditions, The Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) developed the Australian Milking Zebu (AMZ)

This began in the mid-1950’s with the introduction of Pakistani Sahiwal and Red Sindhi dairy cattle, Mated initially to high-producing Jersey cattle. Later, some infusion of Illawarra, Guernsey and Holstein-Friesian bloodlines occurred

Selection is for heat tolerance, tick resistance and milk production alone. The AMZ carries the color markings and general shape of the Jersey, But also shows the tropical influence of the Sahiwal and Red Sindhi breeds through the ability to sweat and discard ticks from a highly mobile, loose skin.

Production Parameters: Mature purebred AMZ cows produce an average of 2, 700 liters of milk over a 12 months period, While AMZ cross Friesian cows’ average more than this. Quality of milk is very high and protein level is approximately 3. 5 to 4 percent.

Crossbred Animals Performance in Pakistan Particulars Age at maturity (d) Wt at maturity (Kg) 1 st calving age (d) 1 st calving wt (Kg) Milk yield (L) Lac. Length (d) Dry period (d) Cal. Interval (d) S X HF 437 250 770 370 2816 328 151 479 SXJ 416 219 794 340 2191 291 134 425

EXOTIC BEEF BREEDS

ANGUS Angus are solid black cattle, although white spot may appear on the udder. They are resistant to harsh weather, undemanding, adaptable, and goodnatured, Mature extremely early and have a high carcass yield with nicely marbled meat.

Angus is renowned as a carcass breed. They are used widely in crossbreeding to improve carcass quality and milking ability. Angus females calve easily and have good calf rearing ability. They are also used as a genetic dehorner as the polled gene is passed on as a dominant characteristic.

HEREFORD Hereford is medium framed cattle with distinctive red body color with the head and front of the neck, the brisket, underside, and switch in white. They have well developed forequarters, a deep brisket, broad head and stocky legs.

Most animals have short thick horns that typically curve down at the sides of the head, but there is a polled strain in North America and UK (Polled Hereford).

BEEFMASTER Tom Lasater, developed Beefmasters by crossing Hereford, Shorthorn and Brahman cattle. The exact mixture of the foundation cattle about 25% Hereford, 25% Shorthorn and 50% Brahman.

The cattle were heavily selected on what has become known as the Six Essentials - Weight, Conformation, Milking Ability, Fertility, Hardiness and Disposition. While brownish-red is the most common color, the breed has no color standards.