Exercise 7 Axial Skeleton Portland Community College BI
Exercise 7 Axial Skeleton Portland Community College BI 231
Bone Landmarks • All bones possess distinctive landmarks that are designed for specific functions. • Review table 7. 1
Axial Skeleton • • Skull Spine Thoracic Cage Hyoid bone
Supraorbital ridge Frontal Bone Fr Frontal Bone on tal Bo ne
Frontal Bone Frontal Sinus
Parietal Bone
Parietal Bone
Temporal Bone
Temporal Bone External Acoustic Meatus Zygomatic Arch Mastoid Process Mandibular fossa Styloid Process
Temporal Bone Carotid Canal Jugular Foramen
Temporal Bone
Occipital Bone Occipital Condyles Foramen Magnum External occipital protuberance
Nuchal lines
Occipital Bone
Coronal Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Frontal Bone Parietal Bone Occipital Bone Temporal Bone Frontal Bone
Squamous Suture Between the Parietal bone and the Temporal Bone Parietal Bone Occipital Bone Temporal Bone Frontal Bone
Sagittal Suture Between the Right and Left Parietal bones Occipital Bone Parietal Bone (Right) Parietal Bone (Left) Frontal Bone
Lambdoid Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Occipital Bone Parietal Bone Occipital Bone Temporal Bone Frontal Bone
Cranium Floor Anterior Cranial Fossa Middle Cranial Fossa Posterior Cranial Fossa
Sphenoid Bone Foramen lacerum Lesser Wing Greater Wing Sella Turcica Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum
Sphenoid Bone Hypophyseal Fossa Dorsum Sella Petrous ridge Internal acoustic canal
Sphenoid Bone Pterygoid Process Sphenoidal Sinus
Sphenoid Bone Lesser Wing Greater Wing Pterygoid Process Lateral Pterygoid Plate Medial Pterygoid Plate
Ethmoid Bone Crista Galli Perpendicular Plate
Ethmoid Bone Middle Nasal Conchae Perpendicular Plate
Ethmoid Bone Cristae Galli Cribriform Plate Perpendicular Plate
Facial Bones Inferior Nasal Conchae Vomer Middle Nasal Conchae (Ethmoid) Perpendicular Plate (Ethmoid)
Facial Bones
Zygomatic Bone Temporal Process Zygomatic Arch
Maxilla Hard Palate Infraorbital foramen Alveolar processes
Palatine Bone Vomer
Mandible Coronoid Process Mandibular Condyle Alveolar Process Ramus Angle Mental Foramen Body
Mandible Mylohyoid Line Mandibular Foramen
Orbit
Openings • • • Foramen rotundum Foramen lacerum Foramen ovale Jugular foramen Internal acoustic canal Hypoglossal canal
Sinuses Frontal Sphenoidal Ethmoid Air C Maxillary
Fetal Skull Superior View
Fetal Skull
Wormian (Sutural) Bones Small islands of bone that fill gaps in sutures. Present in varying amounts
Cervical Spine • 7 Vertebra • C 1 -C 7 • Concave Posterior
Thoracic Spine • • 12 Vertebra T 1 -T 12 Convex Posterior Attach to the ribs
Lumbar Spine • 5 Vertebra • L 1 -L 5 • Concave Posterior
Sacral Spine • 5 Fused Vertebra • “Sacrum”
Coccyx • 4 Fused Vertebra
Sacrum 5 Fused Vertebrae
Sacrum Sacral Foramina
Sacrum Sacral Promontory
Typical structure of vertebra
Intervertebral Foraminae
Intervertebral Disk
Annulus Fibrosus (Fibrocartilage)
Nucleus Pulposus
Cervical Vertebrae (C 3 -C 7) Vertebral Foramen BODY
Cervical Vertebrae (C 3 -C 7) Transverse Processes Transverse Foramen
Cervical Vertebrae C 1: Atlas Superior Articular Facet
Cervical Vertebrae C 2: Axis Odontoid Process (Dens)
Cervical Vertebrae C 1 & C 2 Joined Together
Cervical Vertebrae (C 3 -C 7) Bifid Spinous Process
Cervical Vertebrae (C 3 -C 7) Superior Articular Process Superior Articular Facet
Cervical Vertebrae (C 3 -C 7) Vertebral Arch
Thoracic Vertebrae Spinous Process
Thoracic Vertebrae Costal Facets on the Transverse Process (for rib attachment)
Lumbar Vertebrae BODY
Sacroiliac Joints
Coccyx 4 Rudimentary Vertebrae
Hyoid Bone Greater Horn Lesser Horn BODY
Sternum Manubrium Sternal Angle Body Xiphoid Process
Ribs 1 -7: True Ribs
Ribs 8 -10: False Ribs
Ribs 11 & 12: Floating Ribs
Costovertebral Angle
Ribs
Ribs Attached to Thoracic Vertebrae
The End
- Slides: 74