EXECUTIVE BRANCH Pump Primer Explain the constitutional process
EXECUTIVE BRANCH Pump Primer • Explain the constitutional process of impeachment. • Have any presidents ever been impeached? How many? • One extra credit point for each, if you can name the president(s).
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
EXECUTIVE BRANCH Biblical Integration The structure of civil authority within society are essential and God-ordained. • (Rom 13: 1 -7; Mk. 12: 17; 1 Peter 2: 13 -17)
CHAPTER 10: THE ROAD TO THE WHITE HOUSE
CHAPTER 10 Chapter 10 Objectives: 10 -1: • List the constitutional requirements for the office of presidents. 10 -2: • Summarize the difficulties that a candidate faces during a campaign. • Describe the origins and forms of presidential primaries. • Summarize the course of primaries during a presidential race. • Describe the activities of a national party convention. 10 -3: • Describe the Electoral College’s effect on campaign strategy. • Explain why citizens should veto. 10 -4: • Explain the significance of the orderly transitions that take place after American elections.
PRESIDENTIAL QUALITIES
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 A study of the presidents of the United States is a study of U. S. history in miniature. pp. 193 -194
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 193 -194 • Qualifications • Article II, Section 1 • Must be 35 years old • Must be a natural-born citizen • Must have resided in U. S. for 14 years • Informal “Requirements”: • White, Male, Protestant (except one) • All manner of professions, but mostly political ones (former state governors, for example)
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Primary avenues to the White House • Successful military career • Climb through lower-level politics • Exceptions • Some presidents surmounted great obstacles to become president pp. 193 -194
NOMINATION
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 The Constitution offers no guidelines concerning the method of choosing presidential candidates.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 • The Rise of Presidential Primaries • Direct primaries • Wisconsin (1903) • Attempt to circumvent party bosses • Some states use a caucus
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 • The Purpose of Presidential Primaries • Opens the field to more candidates • Makes the national delegate selection process more democratic
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 • The Purpose of Presidential Primaries • Delegate selection rules vary from state to state • Closed primaries • Open primaries • Crossover voting
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 • The Purpose of Presidential Primaries • New problems for parties • Eliminates party leaders’ ability to help choose a moderate, electable candidate • Encourages factions in the party
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 • The Course of Presidential Primaries • The early primaries and caucuses • Who are the early leaders? • Criticisms of Iowa and New Hampshire • Trend toward having more primaries on the same day
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 194 -203 How were nominating conventions different before primaries became common?
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Convention Participants • Delegates and alternates • Numbers of women and minorities • Superdelegates pp. 194 -203
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Convention Procedures • • Organizational procedures Party platform Keynote address Nomination of the presidential candidate • Brokered convention • Vice-presidential candidate • Balancing the ticket pp. 194 -203
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Debates • First televised debate: 1960 • Nixon and Kennedy pp. 194 -203
ELECTION
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 203 -208 The general election is held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Campaign Strategy • Focus on key states • Campaign issues pp. 203 -208
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 203 -208 • Election Day • Polling places • Exit polls • Controversy • Voting is a responsibility and a civic right
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 203 -208 Christians have a responsibility to love their neighbors by voting for leaders who will govern with wisdom.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Electoral College • Winner-take-all • except Maine and Nebraska • How they are chosen • When they vote pp. 203 -208
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 z
INAUGURATION
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 209 -212 “I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of president of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States. ”
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 209 -212 • Traditions • Inaugural address • Supreme Court justice administers the oath • Parade
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Transfer of Power • Fewer than eleven weeks • For the outgoing president: • Executive orders • Pardons pp. 209 -212
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 • Official Date • March 4 (1789 to 1933) • January 20 (since 1937) • Location • Inaugural Ceremony pp. 209 -212
CHAPTER 11: AMERICA’S HIGHEST OFFICE
Chapter 11 Objectives: 11 -1: • Discuss the six areas of presidential responsibility. • Identify the major constitutional restrictions placed on the president. 11 -2: • List the two constitutional responsibilities of the vice president. • Explain the origin and role of the Executive Office of the President (EOP) • List the cabinet departments. 11 -3: • Contrast true greatness with popularity. • Discuss the factors that influence presidential ratings. • Explain the pressures of the presidency.
PRESIDENTIAL POWERS
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 215 -227 “The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America…. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. ”
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 215 -227 • Chief Executive • Executive Office of the President • More than 2, 000 employees • Salary and benefits • “In 2001 the presidential salary increased to $400, 000 plus $50, 000 for expenses. ” (Schwemle)
Annual GSA Allowance for Former Presidents Widows Allowances Carter Bush 201, 000 Clinton $ 201, 000 $ $ 73, 000 $ $ 66, 000 $ $ 96, 000 109, 439 $ 17, 000 $ G. W. Bush Pension $ - $ Travel $ - $ Personal Benefits $ - $ Personal Compensation $ - $ Rental Space $ - $ Telephone $ - $ Postage $ 7, 000. 00 $ Other Services $ - $ 129, 000 $ 117, 000 $ 123, 000 $ 150, 000 Printing $ - $ 6, 000 $ 1, 000 $ 27, 000 Supplies $ - $ 2, 000 $ 25, 000 $ - $ 95, 000 Equipment $ - $ $ 15, 000 $ - $ 40, 000 TOTAL $ 7, 000. 00 $ $ 831, 691 $ 10, 100 - - 474, 539 $ 201, 000 $ 36, 000 61, 000 $ 88, 000 $ 96, 000 179, 691 $ 414, 380 $ 420, 506 58, 000 $ 9, 000 $ 102, 000 $ - 201, 000 - $ - 906, 380 Source: Data provided to CRS by the Office of the Budget, General Services Administration, January 2014. $ - $ 1, 255, 506
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Commander in Chief • Civilian control of military power • Quick response to emergencies • War Powers Resolution • Covert operations pp. 215 -227
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Diplomatic Leader • Making treaties • Requires 2/3 of Senate to concur • Executive agreements pp. 215 -227
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Legislative Leader • Suggests legislation • Veto power • Pocket veto • Line-item veto declared unconstitutional pp. 215 -227
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Chief of State • Ceremonial events • Times of grief • Party Leader pp. 215 -227
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Tenure • Term of office: 4 years • Twenty-Second Amendment • Lame duck pp. 215 -227
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 10 pp. 215 -227 “The president, vice president and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. ”
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 215 -227 • Impeachment • The House can impeach by a majority vote • Conviction requires a two-thirds vote of the Senate
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 215 -227 • Uses of Impeachment • 1868: Andrew Johnson • 1974: Richard Nixon resigned rather than face impeachment • 1998: Bill Clinton
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 215 -227 • Executive Orders • Appointment Power • Many top appointments require Senate approval
EXECUTIVE ORGANIZATION
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 227 -230 • Vice President • Breaks tie votes in the Senate • Becomes president in the event the president dies, resigns, or is removed from office
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • Vice President • Expanding role in recent years • Twenty-Fifth Amendment • Vice-presidential vacancies • Presidential disability pp. 227 -230
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 “The President needs help. ” pp. 227 -230
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • The Executive Office of the President • Formed in 1939 • White House Office • Various agencies • National Security Council (NSC) • Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pp. 227 -230
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 • The Cabinet • Cabinet secretaries • Currently 15 cabinet offices • Administrative Agencies pp. 227 -230
PITFALLS AND GREATNESS
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 231 -232 Any president who wants to rule well must, like King Solomon, acknowledge his need of a wisdom beyond himself, a wisdom that can come only from God.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 231 -232 • Presidential Greatness • Lists of comparative greatness • Clear goals • Self-confidence that was unshaken by public opinion
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 11 pp. 231 -232 Christ defined the qualification for true greatness that is unaltered by time, circumstances, or polls: It is service.
CHAPTER 12: THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY
CHAPTER 12 Chapter 12 Objectives: 12 -1: • Define bureaucracy. • Explain the principle of delegation. • Discuss the factors that contribute to the growth of a bureaucracy. 12 -2: • Outline the basic structure of the executive bureaucracy. • Distinguish between statutory law and administrative law. 12 -3: • Explain why the bureaucracy has been called the fourth branch of government. • Discuss how a powerful bureaucracy may undermine democratic processes.
BUREAUCRATIC DEVELOPMENT
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 p. 235 Bureaucracy refers to an administrative system in which agencies staffed largely by nonelected officials perform specific tasks in accordance with standard procedures
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Bureaucracy Defined • Bureaucrats • Delegation • The example of Moses pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Bureaucratic Features • Hierarchical authority • Job specialization • Formalized rules pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 235 -239 • Bureaucratic Benefits • Hierarchical authority can increase agency speed • Efficiency and productivity are promoted by job specialization • Work can continue when workers leave the organization
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • History and Growth • The First Congress • Madison’s viewpoint pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 Civil Service the civilian employees who carry out the administrative tasks of government p. 236
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 235 -239 Presidents Washington and Adams selected those whom they thought were the most qualified. President Jefferson began to favor qualified men from his own party.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 235 -239 • Spoils System • Andrew Jackson • Reward for campaign support • Allowed many to serve • A method of building and holding on to power
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 235 -239 • Civil War Effects • Many new officials • Administrative weaknesses became more evident
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Post-Civil War • Assassination of President Garfield • Pendleton Act (1883) • Merit as the basis of hiring and promoting civil employees • Civil Service Commission • Abolished spoils system pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 The Interstate Commerce Commission (1887) was the first federal regulatory agency. pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Wars and the New Deal • World War I • New Deal • Many new government agencies • World War II • Supreme Court decisions pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Pay and Benefits • Comparison to private sector pp. 235 -239
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 235 -239 • Political Activities • Hatch Act (1939) • Federal Employees Political Activities Act (1993) • Federal Bureaucracy Today
BUREAUCRATIC STRUCTURE
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 The first level of the bureaucracy beneath the president is the Executive Office of the President. pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • The White House Office • Top aides and advisors • Chief of staff • Counsel for the president • Press secretary pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) • Prepares the president’s annual budget for Congress • Coordinates programs and evaluates budgetary requests
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • The National Security Council (NSC) • Purposes • Members pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Other EOP Agencies • Office of National Drug Control Policy • Office of the U. S. Trade Representative • Office of the Vice President • Many others
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 p. 242 Cabinet offices of the executive branch developed to assist the president in his constitutional duties and to meet the demands of America’s growth
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Cabinet • Advise the president • Serve as administrative heads • 15 departments • Appointed by president and approved by Senate
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Department of State • Department of the Treasury • Department of Defense pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Department of Justice • Department of the Interior • Department of Agriculture pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Department of Commerce • Department of Labor • Department of Health and Human Services
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Department of Housing and Urban Development • Department of Transportation • Department of Energy pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Department of Education • Department of Veterans Affairs • Department of Homeland Security pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 There are three groups of independent agencies: independent executive agencies, government corporations, and regulatory commissions.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Independent Executive Agencies • Do not have cabinet status • NASA pp. 239 -250
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Government Corporations • To carry out certain businesslike activities • USPS, TVA
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Regulatory Commissions • President appoints commissioners and directors, but they are not accountable to him for how they run their agencies • FCC, SEC, FDA • Reasons for complaints
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 239 -250 • Operation of the Bureaucracy • Statutory law • Administrative law • Creation of laws by nonelected officials • Clients • Standard operating procedures (SOPs)
BUREAUCRATIC REALITIES
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256 The Fourth Branch of Government
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Size • Skills • Control of information pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Separation of Powers • Desire for Security • Whistleblowers pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT • Oversight • Congress • Appropriations CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256 • Restrictions • Government Accountability Office (GAO) • Reorganization • Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) • Sunshine Act
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT • Problems • Waste • Conflict • Duplication CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Problems • Red Tape • Vague Goals • Obscure Bureaucratic Language • Gobbledygook, bureaucratese pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Change • Self-perpetuating • Unresponsive • Time pp. 251 -256
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256 • Distinctiveness • President and Congress share political authority over the bureaucracy • Most federal agencies share their functions with related agencies in state and local governments
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 pp. 251 -256 • Distinctiveness • American exhibit an interest in preserving and demanding their rights • Different range and style
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 12 • Achievements • Technological advances • Mail system • Interstate highway system • Consumer protection pp. 251 -256
CHAPTER 13: FOREIGN POLICY
CHAPTER 13 Chapter 13 Objectives: 13 -1: • Describe the four basic goals of American foreign policy. • List ways that foreign policy can protect the United States 13: 2: • Describe the changes in America’s foreign policy from 1790 to the present. • Explain and analyze the rationale behind isolationist foreign policy. • Discuss the events that led America from being isolationist to becoming a world superpower. • Analyze present foreign policy from a biblical worldview. 13: 3 • Discuss how the president, the Executive Office, Congress, and the media affect policymaking. • Identify the agencies within the Executive Office that influence foreign policy. • Outline the organization of the Department of Defense.
CHAPTER 13 Chapter 13 Objectives: 13: 4 • List and describe the methodsused for achieving U. S. foreign-policy goals. • Distinguish between treaties and executive agreements. • Discuss the treaties and international relationships that the United States is involved in. • Evaluate the use of foreign aid and sanctions in foreign policy. 13: 5 • Identify four challenges that face U. S. security. • Define globalization and list its advantages and disadvantages. • Explain why others countries resent the United States and suggest how the United States can mitigate this problem.
FOREIGN-POLICY GOALS
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 259 -261 Certain basic goals remain central to American foreign policy.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • National Security • Before World War II: Isolationism • Internationalism • Cold War • International terrorism pp. 259 -261
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 Alliance a treaty that unites its participants in a common cause p. 260
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Alliance Security • Treaties of alliance • NATO pp. 259 -261
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • International Stability • Diplomacy • Direct • Through intermediaries or organizations • Middle East pp. 259 -261
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 259 -261 • Economic Development • Aid after wars, famine, disasters • Marshall Plan • Goal: building self-sustaining economies
CHANGING FOREIGN POLICY
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 262 -265 • Isolation: 1790− 1890 • America should be tied to no other nation • Activities with other nations • Monroe Doctrine • Grew stronger as the United States grew stronger
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Expansion: 1890− 1910 • International commerce • Colonies pp. 262 -265
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Vacillation: 1910− 40 • World War I • League of Nations rejected • Attempts to stay out of World War II pp. 262 -265
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 262 -265 • Obligation: 1940− 91 • World War II • Support for allies • Cold War • Nuclear deterrence • Mutually assured destruction (MAD) • Containment
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Obligation: 1940− 91 • Reagan and the Soviet Union pp. 262 -265
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Transition: 1991 to the Present • Economic growth • Sole superpower • Various police actions • September 11, 2001 • Iraq • Afghanistan pp. 262 -265
POLICYMAKERS
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The President • Constitutional powers • Commander in chief • Head of state • Chief executive • Tradition pp. 266 -272
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The Executive Office • National Security Council (NSC) • National Security Advisor • Other members • Daily intelligence briefings pp. 266 -272
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The Executive Office • State Department • Secretary of state • Foreign Service • Embassies • Ambassadors • Consulates pp. 266 -272
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The Executive Office • Department of Defense • Secretary of defense • Pentagon • Joint Chiefs of Staff • Military branches pp. 266 -272
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The Executive Office • Department of Homeland Security • Responsibilities • Agencies • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) • Information gathering pp. 266 -272
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 266 -272 • Congress • Treaties • Power to approve nominees for State and Defense positions • Power of the purse • Power to declare war
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • The Media • Ability to shape public opinion • What is reported • What is not reported • Distorted analyses pp. 266 -272
POLICY METHODS
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 Just having a powerful military sends a diplomatic message. pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 p. 273 Treaty a formal agreement made between nations or groups of nations
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 272 -277 • Treaties and Multinational Organizations • Treaties can also be called agreements, conventions, accords, protocols, etc. • Formal treaties require two-thirds of the Senate to ratify • Executive agreements
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 272 -277 • Treaties and Multinational Organizations • Multinational organizations are bodies established to allow nations to work collectively on certain issues • Globalization
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • United Nations (UN) • Secretariat • Secretary-general • General Assembly • Security Council pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • United Nations (UN) • Economic and Social Council • Trusteeship Council • International Court of Justice pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 Without an ultimate standard on which to ground its moral aspirations, how can the United Nations−or any organization−determine what is right? pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Military Relations • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • Cold War • Peacekeeping missions • Rio Treaty pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 272 -277 • Economic Relations • European Union (EU) • North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Economic Relations • World Trade Organization (WTO) • International Monetary Fund (IMF) pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Foreign Aid • U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID) • Successes • Failures pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Sanctions • Taken against a nation • International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) pp. 272 -277
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Military Action and Espionage • Examples • National Security Agency (NSA) pp. 272 -277
CHALLENGES ABROAD
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Wars and Weapons • Terrorism • Examples • Difficult to defend against • Rogue Nations pp. 278 -282
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Regional Conflicts • India and Pakistan • China and Taiwan • Russia and Chechnya • Israelis and Palestinians pp. 278 -282
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Weapons of Mass Destruction • Nuclear weapons • Radiological weapons • “Dirty bomb” • Chemical weapons • Biological weapons pp. 278 -282
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 Globalization the integration of world markets through increased communications, foreign investment, and free trade p. 280
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 278 -282 • Globalization challenges: • Both businesses and terrorists can use global integration to their advantage • Heightened debate between free trade and protectionism
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 pp. 278 -282 • Globalization challenges: • Rapid dissemination of many different ideas and cultures • Foreign countries are concerned that globalization will increase American political and economic power
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Anti-Americanism • “Cultural imperialism” • Fear of American political power pp. 278 -282
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CHAPTER 13 • Fear and Uncertainty • Natural, but not spiritual pp. 278 -282
Works Cited “Annual GSA Allowance for Former Presidents“ Office of the Budget, General Services Administration. January 2014. Web. 16 Oct 2014. http: //fas. org/sgp/crs/misc/RL 34631. pdf Schwemle, Barbara “Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Officials: Process for Adjusting Pay and Current Salaries”. http: //www. senate. gov/CRSReports/crspublish. cfm? pid='0 E%2 C*P%3 C S%3 F%23%40%20%20%0 A
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