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Examples should study (study) were (be) you, I ________ 1. If I ______ English well. had come 2. If you _____(come) yesterday, you would have met (meet) him. ________ to/should rain 3. If it were _________(rain) tomorrow, the meeting ________(put off) would be put off 4. If it should rain, don’t expect me. (可接祈使句)

If 的省略 当从句中有were, had, should, would等放在主 语前可构成疑问句的词时，可省略if，用倒装形式. e. g. 1)If she had more money, she would dress fashionably. Had she more money, she would dress fashionably. 2) If there should be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. 3)If I were in school again, I would work harder. Were I in school again, I would work harder.

含蓄条件句 　　有时，虚拟语气句中不出现if条件句， 而是利用一些词来表现出来，如：but for（ 要不是）, without, with, or, otherwise（否则） 等。 e. g. 1)But for your help, I would have failed then. （指 过去） 2)Without air, there would be no living things. （指现 在） 3)I am busy, otherwise I would certainly go with you. （指现在） 4)I was busy, otherwise I would have given you more help. （指过去）

含蓄条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并 不是总是出现if引导的条件句，而是通过其 他手段来代替条件句。 He telephoned to inform me of you birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. （连词） I might have given you more help, but I was too busy. （连词） Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly. （独立主格）

二、简单句 1. 动词mean, plan, hope, expect, think, want, intend, suppose: A. had hoped to do sth. B. hoped to have done sth e. g. They meant to have had a rest. They had wanted to help, but couldn’t get there in time.

宾语从句 1. Wish /would rather+ 宾语从句：与现在事实 相反，用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，用过 去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/ should/ could/ might do sth. e. g. I wish I were ten years younger. I wish I had seen the film last week. I wish I should go abroad for further education. I would rather you had gone there, too.

宾语从句 2. Suggest + 句子。一坚持(insist)，二命令 (order, command)，三建议(suggest, recommend, propose)，四要求(require, request, desire, demand). Advise. (should) + do sth. We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的 作很满意．

宾语从句 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 3. 名词后的表语从句和同位语从句 : suggestion, proposal, order, request, requirement, desire, demand, advice, idea, wish 等。(should) do sth My suggestion is that you visit China. His idea that the flowers should be watered is right.

主语从句 1. It is + n. +that…（此类名词有惋惜、羞 愧、可怜等），如：a pity, a shame等 2. It is + adj. + that…(此类形容词有惊讶、 需求、自然性、重要性等), 如: strange, natural, necessary, important. 3. It is + v-ed+ that…(此类分词有建议、要 求、命令等)如: desired, proposed, ordered. e. g. It is a pity that he (should) be there. It is necessary that you have a meeting. It is suggested that we work on a farm.

其 他 句 式： 2. It is (high)time句中：用过去式 或should do sth. It’s time that we had a class. It’s about time that your baby should go to bed. 3. even if ( even though)即使 Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem. Even if I had been busy then, I would have helped you.

4 if it were not for… (如果没有), 表示同现在 事实相反的假设，主句用过去将来时。 If it had not been for…（如果当时没有）， 表示同过去事实相反的假设，主句用过去 将来完成时。 e. g. If it were not for the rain, the crops would die. If it had not been for your timely help, I would have failed.

In case, for fear that 在In case和 for fear that “万一；惟恐”引导的状 语 从句中，谓语动词多用 should+动词原形 l Take an umbrella in case it should rain / rains. l In case I should fail, I would try again. l I daren’t tell you what he did for fear that he should be angry with.

口语交际中虚拟语气的省略 l l l 若一般过去时只保留did, could, were等助动词、 情态动词或系动词。 若是过去完成时，只保留had 若是过去将来时只保留would, might -- Have you found the answer to the question? --I wish I had. I can’t go to Beijing with you , but I wish I would.

1. _____ the fog, we should have reached our school. 　　A. Because of　 　B. In spite of 　　C. In case of　　 D. But for 2. Had I known her name, _____ A. or does she know mine? 　　　 B. and where does she live? C. she would be beautiful. 　　　 D. I would have invited her to lunch.

3. _____ today, he would get there by Friday. 　A. Would he leave　B. Was he leaving 　C. Were he to leave　 D. If he leaves 4. If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases. 　A. was; shall pay　　 B. am; will pay C. would be; will pay　 　 D. were; would pay