EXAMINATION OF SKELETAL REMAINS UPPER LIMB BONES By
EXAMINATION OF SKELETAL REMAINS (UPPER LIMB BONES) By Dr Waheed
Normal anatomy of long bone
Guidelines To Be Followed Establishing Partial Identity a. Number of bones received. b. Human or Animal c. Age d. Sex e. Stature etc. , 2. Establishing Other Particulars. a. Probable cause of death b. Probable time since death 3. Forming an opinion. 1.
Sl. NO Name of ossification Centre Age of Appearance 1 Head of humerus 1 year 2 Greater tubercle of humerus 3 years 3 Lesser tubercle 5 years 4 Medial epicondyle 5 -6 years 5 Lateral epicondyle 11 years 6 Capitulum 1 year 7 Trochlea 9 -11 years Fuses with each other at 6 yrs Age of Fusion Fuses with shaft at 18 to 19 years Separately Fuses with shaft at 19 years fuses at 14 -16 Fuses with shaft at 18 years Finding in Inference the given bone
OSSIFICATION CENTRES OF HUMERUS
Sl. NO Name of ossification Centre Age of Appearance Age of Fusion 1 Head of the radius 5 year 16 -17 years 3 Lower extremity 2 years 18 -19 years Finding in Inference the given bone
OSSIFICATION CENTRES OF RADIUS
Sl. NO Name of ossification Centre Age of Appearance Age of Fusion 1 Olecranon of Ulna 9 year 16 -17 years 3 Lower extremity of Ulna 5 -6 years 17 -18 years Finding in Inference the given bone
OSSIFICATION CENTRES OF ULNA
EXAMINATION REPORT �Requisition-Received one bone from Dept. of FM �Date, Time & Place of exam �Bone is dry, devoid of soft tissues & nonfoulsmelling �Belongs to human being �Belongs to one individual/ more than one �Sex �Age
�Secondary ossification centers- A & F �Stature - Long bones- L x GF + FF �Time since death �Cause of death Opinion The given bone is a human bone(Humerus) of right/left sided belonging to a male/female individual aged >……. yrs & <……. . yrs. Date: Place: Signature 11
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