Exam 3 W 47 bring your cheat sheet

Exam #3 W 4/7 (bring your cheat sheet) Q&A on T 4/8 at 6 -8 pm in SZB 104 mini-quiz posted this afternoon

The Immune System • Non-specific: – barriers • Specific: – B-cells -> antibodies – T-cells Fig 43. 2

Specific Immune System Overview Fig 43. 16

Antibodies recognize and bind to antigens Fig 43. 10

Each B-cell/antibody recognizes a specific antigen Fig 43. 14

B-cells make antibodies that bind to antigens marking them for destruction Fig 43. 19 Marked for destruction by WBC

Antibody binding to antigens can lead to. . . Neutralization Fig 43. 21 Engulf and Destroy

What about damaged or abnormal cells? • Viral infections • Cancer cells • Non-functional cells

T-cells recognize and destroy abnormal cells Fig 43. 18

Specific Immune System Overview Fig 43. 16

It can take 7 -14 days to produce sufficient antibodies to eliminate a pathogen Fig 43. 15

Memory B-cells make the response to a second exposure more rapid Fig 43. 14 This is how vaccines work.

Vaccines work via memory B-cells that make the response to a second exposure more rapid Fig 43. 15

When politics and science collide. . .

Human Papilloma Virus

Human Papilloma Virus: the leading cause of Genital warts Cervical cancer

• At least 50% of sexually active people will get HPV at some time in their lives. • Every year in the United States, about 6. 2 million people get HPV. • HPV is most common in young women and men who are in their late teens and early 20 s. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2006, over 9, 700 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer and 3, 700 women died from this cancer in the U. S. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The HPV vaccine developed by Merck, Gardasil, protects against four HPV types which account for 70% of cervical cancers and 90% of genital warts. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The HPV vaccine is made up of proteins from the outer coat of the virus. Human Papilloma Virus: Genital warts the leading cause of Cervical cancer http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The Texas Department of Health has ruled that students must be current with immunizations in order to attend school unless an exemption has been filed with the school in accordance with Texas Education Code, Health and Safety, Chapter 38. 0001.

Current mandated vaccines for attendance in Texas schools: 3 doses of DPT, DTa. P, DT, Td. 4 doses of Polio 1 dose of Measles on/after 1 st birthday and 1 dose MMR on/after 1 st birthday. 3 doses of Hepatitis B 1 dose of Varicella on/after 1 st birthday (if the child has NOT had chickenpox)

The HPV vaccine is recommended for 11 -12 year-old girls, and can be given to girls as young as 9. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The HPV vaccine is recommended for 1112 year-old girls, and can be given to girls as young as 9. For the vaccine to be effective, you must be vaccinated prior to exposure to HPV. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

Effectiveness of HPV vaccine against cervical cancer

Effectiveness of HPV vaccine against genital warts

• The length of vaccine protection (immunity) is usually not known when a vaccine is first introduced. • So far, studies have followed women for five years and found that women are still protected. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

• The length of vaccine protection (immunity) is usually not known when a vaccine is first introduced. • So far, studies have followed women for five years and found that women are still protected. • More research is being done to find out how long protection will last, and if a booster vaccine is needed years later. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

The retail price of the vaccine is $120 per dose ($360 for full series). While some insurance companies may cover the vaccine, others may not. http: //www. cdc. gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine. htm#hpvvac 7

Controversy http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=J 1 Zg 46 JKDz. M

Exam #3 W 4/7 (bring your cheat sheet) Q&A on T 4/8 at 6 -8 pm in SZB 104 mini-quiz posted this afternoon