Evolutionary Study of Plants www assignmentpoint com Evolutionary

Evolutionary Study of Plants www. assignmentpoint. com

Evolutionary Past n Cyanobacteria n n n Blue- green algae Photosynthetic Responsible for the marked increase in Oxygen 2000 million years ago www. assignmentpoint. com

Cyanobacteria Evidence n n DNA shows the first green plants evolved from prokaryotes between 2500 and 1000 million years ago. Same chlorophyll in algae and land plants. www. assignmentpoint. com

Endosymbiosis n a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which one of the two organisms (the endosymbiont) lives inside the body of the other one (the host). www. assignmentpoint. com

Classification of Plants n n n n Kingdom - Plantae Division (-phyta) Class (-opsida) Subclass (-idae) Order (-ales) Family (-aceae) Genus Species (Genus + specific epithet) www. assignmentpoint. com

Magnolia grandiflora n n n n Plantae--includes all plants Magnoliophyta--flowering plants Magnoliopsida--dicots Magnoliidae--subclass for Magnolia-like plants Magnoliales--order for Magnolia-like plants Magnoliaceae--family for Magnolia-like plants Magnolia--genus that includes all Magnolias grandiflora--specific epithet www. assignmentpoint. com

Circumscription of Features A new condition is added at each step to set up a category that is MOST specific. Example: n Things with wheels = buses, cars, bicycles, skates, airplanes, trains, etc. n And is ground transport = buses, cars, bicycles, trains n And can carry more than one person = buses, cars, trains n And runs on rails = trains n http: //www. csdl. tamu. edu/FLORA/tfplab/lab 1 a. htm#taxonomy www. assignmentpoint. com

Four major lineages Nonvascular – lack xylem & phloem & seeds n Seedless vascular – have xylem & phloem, lack seeds n Gymnosperms - have seeds, but not enclosed n Angiosperms www. assignmentpoint. com - enclosed seeds n

Examples www. assignmentpoint. com

Nonvascular lifecycle www. assignmentpoint. com

Seedless vascular lifecycle www. assignmentpoint. com

Gymnosperm lifecycle www. assignmentpoint. com

Angiosperm lifecycle www. assignmentpoint. com

Classes of Angiosperms n Monocotyledonae (Monocots) Very few are annuals n Lilies, grasses, cattails, palms, yuccas, orchids, irises n n Dicotyledonae (Dicots) More primative, 1/6 are annuals n Almost all kinds of trees and shrubs n Snapdragons, mints, peas, sunflowers n www. assignmentpoint. com

Monocot characteristics www. assignmentpoint. com

Dicot characteristics www. assignmentpoint. com

Parts of the flower PISTIL n Stigma n Style n Ovary STAMEN n Anther n Filament www. assignmentpoint. com

Reproductive Organs Close up of stigma, style and anthers in a tulip www. assignmentpoint. com