Evolution of Organic Standards in Europe Marketing and

Evolution of Organic Standards in Europe „Marketing and Trade of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables“ Aline Neutzling

Outline: Organic Agriculture – Historic Organic Agriculture Production in Europe Organic Certification in Europe Evolution Conclusion

• Organic Agriculture Scofield, 1986, give the emphasis to organic agriculture in the wholeness process which implies the systematic connection or co-ordination of parts in one whole. Mannion, 1995, refers organic agriculture like a holistic view of agriculture that aims to reflect the profound relationship that exists between farm biota, production and the entire environment. The organic agriculture is a group of agricultural production processes that has its basis in the fertility as a direct function from the organic matter contained in the soil. It maintains that adequate alimentation and a healthy environment result in vigorous plants that are more resistant against disease and plagues. (Rocha, 2002)

Organic Agriculture – Historic In Germany, in 1924, Rudolf Steiner starts the bases for biodynamic agriculture, which call for harmony and equilibrium within the producing unity utilizing the sun and moon influences. British researcher Albert Howard, An Agricola Testimony, in 1940. French scientist in 50 s, Claude Aubert started the widespread of biologic agricultural practices and concepts.

Organic Agriculture Production in Europe Source: Eurostat Organic farming Statistics

Organic Agriculture Production in Europe Source: Eurostat Organic farming Statistics

Organic Certification in Europe Certification Standards With the regulation of organic agriculture problems such as finding a homogenic practice that guarantees a good quality of the final product, independent from the production place, began to have more importance. All pratices of organic agriculture had to conform to the regulation patterns to be able to be commercialized as organic.

Organic Certification in Europe Evolution Origin Appellation, in 1919, France – agriculture standards Demeter, 1928, in Germany – biodynamic agriculture Soil Association, 1946 Great Britain - standards to protect consumers and producers Label Rouge , 1960, in France – agricultures standards Nature et Progres , 1972, in France – organic standards Bioland, 1978, in Germany – organic standards Mountain Products and Biological Agriculture, 1980 in France – organic standards

Organic Certification in Europe Nouvelle Approache - 1985 Regulation EEC N° 2092/91 Regulation EEC N° 1804/99 National Standards IFOAM – private standards FAO – voluntary standards

Organic Certification in Europe Regulation EEC N° 2092/91 regard to organic vegetable production the conversion period, inputs, handle, pratices and management of organic vegetable production Regulation EEC N° 1804/99 with regard to organic animal production rules on production, labelling and inspection of the most relevant animal species, covers such issues as foodstuffs, disease prevention and veterinary treatments, animal welfare, husbandry practices and the management of manure. The regulations also include imports of organic agricultural products from third countries whose organic production criteria and control systems have been recognized by the EU as equivalent.

Conclusion Contribution to international trade: Many producers from exporting countries, like Brazil for instance, needed to meet the demands of this regulation in order to join in this market. Some countries like Argentina understand that the meeting of requirements needed to occurs as soon as possible, and in 1994 the Argentinean producers became able to export to Europe, which made Argentina one of the 6 non-European countries with organic export rights Producers: Market access Consumers: Safety quality Trust

Thank you for attention

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