Evolution by Natural Selection Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolution by Natural Selection.

Evolution by Natural Selection 1. Common ancestry. 2. Organism are adapted. 3. Organisms change.

Evidence for common ancestry: comparative anatomy.

Homologous versus Analogous:

Analogous shape: Convergent evolution.

Cenozoic 65 – 0 Mya JURASIC 200 – 150 Mya

Geographically separated and different histories. Analogous Structures and functions: Convergent Evolution

Vestigial structures / organs.

Atavisms:

Evidence for common ancestry: Comparative embryology.

Evidence for common ancestry: Molecular Biology.

Organisms adapted to their environment.

Organisms adapted to the environment: Symbiosis and Co-evolution.

Organisms change by selection: domestication.

Organisms change over time: Fossil Record.

Changing Globe:

Realms.

Oceanic Islands.

Three facts about oceanic islands: 1. They are missing groups of species that live on continents and continental islands 2. The groups that ARE found on oceanic islands are replete with many similar species. 3. Often related, but not identical, to species living on nearby continents.

Divergent evolution (Adaptive radiation) Galapagos finches

Divergent evolution of Hawaiian honeycreepers

Divergent evolution Drosophila on Hawaii.