Evidence of Crustal Movement Folding Faulting A crack

Evidence of Crustal Movement Folding

Faulting A crack in rock along which movement occurs. Movement causes an earthquake.

Tilting

Benchmark Changes

Paracutín A volcano appears in the middle of a Mexican cornfield.

Marine Fossils On Mountaintops Marine fossils on Mt. Everest and giant clam fossils (11 feet!) high in the Peruvian Andes.

Alfred Wegener German meteorologist, polar explorer and physicist who developed Continental Drift Theory.

Evidence #1 Puzzle Fit-Continents coastlines look like they could fit together

Paleoclimatic Evidence

Coal In Antarctica

Mountains

Fossils How do plants and animals migrate across vast oceans? They didn’t!

Rock Shields

Modern Evidence Wegener was right!

Discovery of the mid ocean ridge system Mountains crisscross the ocean floor like seams on a baseball Mountains are HOT--volcanic? ? ? 12000 feet high in some places… 6200 miles long!

Ocean ridges are HOT!

Magnetic Reversals Iron filings in basaltic sea floor are a “compass frozen in time. ” Matching pattern on each side of the ridge

Age of the Ocean Floor— Oceans are young!

Sea-Floor Spreading New ocean floor is being created at the ocean ridges and moves like a conveyor belt. (older as distance increases Continents are 20 X older than the oldest ocean floor.

Trenches—ocean floor is consumed video

Pole wandering Either the Earth once had two poles (scientists maintain impossible) or the continents were once a single landmass.