Everybody love everybody Jackie Moon Competency Goal 9

Everybody love everybody!!!!!! -Jackie Moon

Competency Goal 9 Prosperity and Depression (1919 -1939) - The learner will appraise the economic, social, and political changes of the decades of "The Twenties" and "The Thirties. "

9. 03 Analyze the significance of social, intellectual, and technological changes of lifestyles in the United States.

Jazz Age Culture

Prohibition Era l 1920 – 1933 With passage of the 18 th Amendment, it became illegal to manufacture, transport, or sell alcoholic beverages in the US l Prohibition led to a dramatic increase in crime and decrease in tax revenue l Era ended with the passage of the 21 st Amendment which repealed Prohibition l

What will be the negative effects of Prohibition?

Speakeasies Establishments which continued to sell alcohol illegally, despite the ban l Often required a password or some other identifying mark to gain admission l Many were operated by organized crime syndicates l

Bootlegging The illegal manufacture and transport of alcohol l Some bootleggers made “bathtub gin” a homemade brew that could be deadly if not mixed correctly l Others were “moonshiners” who made corn liquor in stills hidden in the countryside l

Which notorious American gangster will arise during this era?

Al “Scarface” Capone 1899 – 1947 l America’s most notorious gangster, he ran his crime syndicate out of Chicago until being convicted of tax evasion in 1931; he eventually died in prison of heart failure complicated by syphilis l Ran alcohol, prostitution, and gambling operations l Ordered the infamous St. Valentine’s Day Massacre in 1929 which eliminated several of his rivals l

St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

1920 s Hollywood

Silent Films l l l Motion pictures initially did not have sound, so audiences had to be able to understand plots through entirely visual means; this forced actors to use highly exaggerated motions Many early films were comedies because “slapstick” provided effective visuals Most successful actor of the 1920 s was comedic star Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin Clip

The Jazz Singer (1927) l First “talkie” or film which had a synchronized soundtrack for dialogue l This film’s success spelled the end of the silent picture era

Sports l Many spectator sports were extremely popular, including golf, tennis, boxing, and swimming l Baseball had become “America’s pass time” l Football began to gain prominence with the founding of the National Football League (NFL) in 1920

Identify the greatest football players today!

“Red” Grange 1903 – 1991 l “The Galloping Ghost” l The first American football star, Grange played for the University of Illinois and then for the NFL’s Chicago Bears as a star running back l

Boxers?

Jack Dempsey l 1895 – 1983 l World Heavyweight champion from 1919 to 1926 l First boxer to draw more than $1 million in ticket revenues for a fight

Baseball Players?

“Babe” Ruth l l 1895 – 1948 Played for 21 years (1914 – 35), mostly for the NY Yankees Hit 714 home runs (still 3 rd most ever) Lived a celebrity lifestyle – drank heavily, smoked, and womanized – a trend he started that lives on today with many professional athletes

Why is Literature/Music important in History?

The Lost Generation Term used to describe the generation which reached adulthood during the 1920 s l These young people were “lost” in that they felt trapped by the corrupt, greedy society in which they lived and their own experiences in WWI l

F. Scott Fitzgerald 1896 – 1940 l Author of The Great Gatsby (1925) l Wrote numerous shortstories (including The l Curious Case of Benjamin Button) and screenplays in addition to his 4 novels l Died from a heart attack induced by alcoholism

Ernest Hemingway l l 1899 – 1961 Author of novels such as The Old Man and the Sea, A Farewell to Arms, The Sun Also Rises, and For Whom the Bell Tolls Rugged adventurer who liked bullfighting, hunting, mountain climbing, and other dangerous hobbies l Committed suicide due to depression and alcoholism l

Louis Armstrong l l l 1901 – 1971 Nicknamed “Satchmo” Jazz trumpeter and singer Popularized “scat” or singing using disjointed syllables instead of words Rose to fame quickly during the 1920 s and was equally popular with both black and white audiences

La Vie En Rose

Duke Ellington l l 1899 – 1974 Orchestra leader, pianist, and song writer Elevated jazz from an urban musical form to a nearly classical level with his “big band” style Led his orchestra for over 50 years

Billie Holiday 1915 – 1959 Crossed jazz over to standard “pop” (popular music) l Also a song writer, helping write such hits as “God Bless the Child” and “Lady Sings the Blues” l Unfortunately, she became a lifelong drug addict and died from liver failure after years of legal troubles l l

The Very Thought of You

Charlie Poole 1892 – 1931 North Carolina musician who, along with his band the North Carolina Ramblers, became the first major national country music recording act l When not recording, he earned money as a textile mill worker and as a moonshiner l Died of an alcohol induced illness at just 39 l l

If the River was Whiskey

The 1930 s

Hollywood Escapism As the Great Depression set in, people desperately wanted to escape their troubles, even if only for a few hours l Movies offered a cheap form of escapism (most theaters were also heated and air-conditioned as well, allowing people to escape the chill or swelter of their apartments!) l

Marx Brothers Popular comedic act of the period, they starred in such films as Animal Crackers (1930), and Duck Soup (1933) l Made feature films from 1921 to 1957 l 13 of their films were included in the top 100 comedies ever made l

Walt Disney 1901 – 1966 l Created Mickey Mouse who first achieved success in the cartoon short Steamboat Willie (1927) l Disney would go on to grow an animation, film, and theme park empire l

Steamboat Willie

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

The Wizard of Oz

Gone With the Wind

Dracula & Frankenstein

Radio Serials l Many people’s chief form of entertainment was the radio, which featured episodic programming much like television does today, including such action characters as the Green Hornet and Lone Ranger, as well as numerous “soap operas” (dramatic programming aimed at women and usually sponsored by laundry soap companies)

Grant Wood l l 1891 – 1942 Artist best known for his Regionalist style paintings of the American Midwest, especially the painting American Gothic (1930) which won him a $300 prize l Many believed the painting was meant to be satirical, but Wood insisted that he intended it to represent the steadfast spirit of farmers

American Gothic Parodies

John Steinbeck 1902 – 1968 l Author of The Grapes of Wrath, a Pulitzer Prize winning novel about the tragedies which befell his fictional family of Oklahoma farmers during the Dust Bowl l Also wrote Of Mice and Men, a story about the tragic relationship between two poor migrant farmers l

William Faulkner l l 1897 – 1962 Nobel Prize winning novelist and short-story writer Nearly all of his works are set in the South His unique style often included using stream of consciousness and focused on a wide range of characters

1920’s Slang! l l l Choose a partner and create a dialogue using 1920’s slang. Your conversation must be written on paper and must involve something from 9. 03 content! Examples: Describe the speakeasy you went to last night; Talk about the baseball game you attended, explain the new type of music called jazz to a friend. THERE ARE MANY OPTIONS! Must contain 10 lines from each group member for a total of 20 verbal exchanges! (30 exchanges for ag group of 3!) The conversation MUST AND WILL BE APPROPRIATE. Ask yourself, Would I say this to Mrs. Cline? Group will be given extra credit if you perform your skit for the class.