EUROPEAN MINORITY LANGUAGES DEFINITION OF A MINORITY LANGUAGE

  • Slides: 12
Download presentation
EUROPEAN MINORITY LANGUAGES

EUROPEAN MINORITY LANGUAGES

DEFINITION OF A MINORITY LANGUAGE • A minority language is a language spoken by

DEFINITION OF A MINORITY LANGUAGE • A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a country. It must be traditionally used by nationals group numerically smaller than the rest of the State's population and must be different from the official languages of that State.

ESTONIAN LANGUAGE • Estonian is the official language of Estonia • Is spoken by

ESTONIAN LANGUAGE • Estonian is the official language of Estonia • Is spoken by about 1. 1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various emigre communities Estonian eesti keel Spoken in: Estonia Region: Northern Europe Total speakers: 1. 1 million Uralic Finno-Ugric Finno-Lappic Baltic-Finnic Language family: Estonian Official status Official language in: European Union Estonia

HISTORY • From the 13 th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden anf

HISTORY • From the 13 th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden anf Russia resulted few early written literary works in Estonian language • After the Estonian War of Indenpendence Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country

LITERATURE • The oldest records of written Estonian date from the 13 th century.

LITERATURE • The oldest records of written Estonian date from the 13 th century. Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia contains Estonian place names, words and fragments of sentences • In modern times Jaan Kross and Jaan Laplinski remain as two of Estonia's best known and most translated writers.

Classification • Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Finno-Ugric languages • Is

Classification • Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Finno-Ugric languages • Is one of the few languages of Europe that is not Indo-European • It has been influenced by German, Russian, Swedish and Latvian

Alphabet • Estonian employs the Latin alphabet, in addition to which the Estonian alphabet

Alphabet • Estonian employs the Latin alphabet, in addition to which the Estonian alphabet contains letters š, ž, ä, ö, ü, and õ.

IRISH • Is a Goidelic language of the Indo. European language family, originating in

IRISH • Is a Goidelic language of the Indo. European language family, originating in Ireland historically spoken by the Irish • Irish is also an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland • Is the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland it is an official language of the European Union.

 • Native speakers range from 20, 000 to 50, 000 people • 0.

• Native speakers range from 20, 000 to 50, 000 people • 0. 8% aged three and over speak Irish and approximately 60% speak Irish on a daily basis.

LADIN • Is a Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in the Dolomite mountains in Italy, between

LADIN • Is a Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in the Dolomite mountains in Italy, between the regions of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Veneto • It is officially recognized in Italy and has some official rights in the region of Trentino while it does not have official status in the province of Belluno

 • It is spoken in: – the following municipalities of the Province of

• It is spoken in: – the following municipalities of the Province of Bolzano-Bozen • • Urtijëi Santa Crestina Gherdëina Sëlva Badia Corvara La Val San Martin de Tor Mareo – the following municipalities of the Province of Trento (Val di Fassa): • • Canazei (Ladin Cianacei) Campitello di Fassa (Ladin Ciampedèl) Mazzin (Ladin Mazin) Pozza di Fassa (Ladin Poza) Vigo di Fassa (Ladin Vich) Soraga (Ladin Soraga- or- Sorega) Moena (Ladin Moena)

 • It has more or less 30. 000 total speakers and its language

• It has more or less 30. 000 total speakers and its language family is the Indo. European one, in which is related with Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo. Rhaetian and Rhaetian.