European Fisheries Common Fisheries Policy 1 European Fisheries

European Fisheries & Common Fisheries Policy 1

European Fisheries – Facts & Numbers • EU as 5 th largest producer worldwide • EU Fisher can fish in all EU waters (& non-EU) • EU is largest single fisheries market in the world • ¼ of fish is caught outside EU waters • Total: 80% wild catches, 20% aquaculture • About 6 million tons catches per year (stable since 2007) • In 2014 trade EUR 45. 9 billion (fisheries and aquaculture) • EU average consumption about 25 kg per year and person (EU, 2014, 2016)

EU waters • 200 nautical miles Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) • 12 nautical miles territorial waters

Common Fisheries Policy • Introduced 1970 s • Last update January 2014 with major changes • Set of rules to manage European fishing fleets and to conserve fish stocks • Goal: environmentally, economically & socially sustainable system • Regulates legal restrictions like minimum fish sizes • Restricted areas • Basis for local multiannual management plans • Discarding • Maximum sustainable yield (MSY = largest catch that can be extracted without reducing the resource) • … (EU, 2016)

Total allowable catches • TACs = catch limits for most commercial fish stocks • Scientific advice from institutions like Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries • European Commission prepares proposal based on advice • Council of fisheries ministers adapt TACs • Allocation of TACs through ‘relative stability key’ • EU countries distribute their quota among fisher • Does not apply in Mediterranean – here only minimum size (EU, 2016)

Discarding • = returning unwanted catches into the sea dead or dying • Reasons: Low market value, legal restrictions, … • 5 -80% of a catch is discarded • New Landing Obligation improves fishing behaviour • TAC species • Counts against quota • High transaction & opportunity costs for fish • Low price fish for industry (EU, 2016)

Illegal, unreported and unregulated fisheries (EU, 2016)

European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) (EU, 2016)

Fishing fleets per country Decreasing fishing fleet Capacity and fuel consumption! (EU, 2016)

Gross profit EU Fisher (EU, 2016)

Literatur • EU. (2014). Meerespolitik und Fischerei. [Marine politics and fisheries]. 12. doi: 10. 2775/62880 • EU. (2016). Facts and figures on the Common Fisheries Policy. Retrieved from http: //ec. europa. eu/fisheries/documentation/publications/pcp_en. pdf doi: 10. 2771/830693

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