European Cooperation in Science and Technology www cost

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu The COST Programme as a tool for developing and supporting Meteorological and Earth System Monitoring Infrastructures, Technologies and Applications Sylvain Joffre, Finnish Meteorological Institute Ex-Chair, COST Earth System Science Committee WMO TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON METEOROLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF OBSERVATION TECO-2010 Helsinki, Finland, 30 August - 1 September 2010. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu COST: European Cooperation in Science and Technology Mission: “Strengthen European scientific and technical research through the support of cooperation and interactions between European researchers” => Does not fund research itself but networking activities Longest running (since 1971) and widest (36 States) European intergovernmental network for cooperation in research established by a Ministerial Conference of 19 European States in 1971 COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu COST Main Characteristics • “Bottom-up”: initiative from researchers, no pre-defined programmes/priorities, equal access => Exploratorium of new ideas. • Basic & pre-competitive research as well as activities aiming at public utilities. Multi-disciplinarity. • Flexible “à la carte” participation, but broadly pan-European >20 MS • Open to global cooperation based on mutual benefits • Specific support for Early Stage Researchers (Ph. D + <10 yrs) Actions = “Acting Networks” allying nationally-funded projects from at least 5 countries => national responsibility & coordination: => Joint objectives; Work-load sharing; Concrete deliverables (not discussion club); Coordination; Synergising; Leaving long-lasting impacts after the Action; Advancing the research agenda; Leverage effect; Capacity building; ESRs to the front scene; …. . COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu Practical Facts about COST Actions COST supported by a specific budget line of EU 7 th Framework Programme (2007 -2013): 250 M€ COST Actions receive a financial contribution based on a joint Work Programme for: – Science management meetings – Scientific workshops and seminars – Short Term Scientific Missions (STSMs): mobility interactions, ESRs – Training Schools and Research Conferences – Dissemination, publications Average funding about 100 000 € per year per Action COST can organise ad-hoc Exploratory/Strategic/Frontiers of Science Conferences/Workshops: to : explore future scientific or societal needs, support policy developments or initiate new activities COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu COST Governance and Partnership Scientific Selection, Monitoring & Evaluation On average 25 -35 Actions per Domain => altogether 250 Actions => WGs ~ 30. 000 researchers COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme FP 7 contract with the European Commission ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu COST Scientific & Technical Domains Biomedicine and Molecular Biosciences (BMBS) Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Technologies (CMST) Earth System Science & Environmental Management (ESSEM) Food & Agriculture (FA) Forests, their Products and Services (FPS) Individuals, Society, Culture & Health (ISCH) Information & Communication Technologies (ICT) Materials, Physical & Nanosciences (MPNS) Transport & Urban Development (TUD) + Special route for trans-domain proposals COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

www. cost. eu European Cooperation in Science and Technology The role of the Domain Committees (DCs) • Assessment of submitted proposals in the Open Call Reviewing and rating of Preliminary Proposals vs. public criteria • Monitoring of Actions in progress Rapporteur allocated for each Action from the DC • Evaluation of completed Actions Peer review by an Evaluation Panel The COST Open Call: • Two collection dates per year (end of March and September) 2 -stage process: 1 st stage: Preliminary proposals (3 pages) => 10 -20% selected 2 nd stage: Full proposals (20 pages), external peer review panel (30%) • Successful proposals can expect to start within 9 months after collection date COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu COST = 35 + 1 countries The 27 EU Member States EFTA Member States Iceland Norway Switzerland Candidate Countries Croatia FYR of Macedonia (FYROM) Turkey Potential Candidate Countries Republic of Serbia Bosnia-Herzegovina COST Co-operating States Israel COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology COST Actions: global participation (June 2010) www. cost. eu Canada (19) Russia (44) Belarus (4) BELARUS Ukraine (18) Moldova (4) Georgia (5) Azerbaijan (1) Tunisia (9) Armenia (3) Lebanon (5) Palestinian auth. (1) China (4) Albania (3) Andorra (1) USA (42) Japan (11) GEORGIA Morocco (6) TUNISIA ALGERIA UAE (1) Algeria (1) Pakistan (1) Egypt (7) Rep of Korea (4) EGYPT Mexico (2) Sudan (1) Vietnam (1) India (5) Malaysia (1) Hong Kong (2) SRI LANKA Colombia (2) MALAYSIA Singapore (2) PAPUA NEW GUINEA Brazil (4) COST countries Neighbouring countries Reciprocal agreements countries Chile (1) Argentina (7) COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme Australia (69) Uruguay (1) South Africa (23) New Zealand (41) 356 participations in 129 Actions (36 countries) ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu Actions run through a Management Committee (MC) The MC Supervises & coordinates the implementation of the Action; Promote and disseminate results; Liaise with stake-holders Integrates and supervises work carried out in 3 -5 WGs (WPs) Select Early Stage Researchers to perform intra-COST visits MC composed of: - Maximum 2 representatives of each participating country Ø Ensuring the scientific coordination at national level Ø But, more national scientists involved via WGs - Representatives of any non-COST institution, - Invited experts and observers COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu ESSEM Domain: 28 Actions ~2, 5 M€ / yr COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology Some Strategic Achievements and Successes www. cost. eu COST Action 70 => creation of ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) in 1973 5 Actions developed data transfer standards, which through partnership with WMO, were generalised globally (radar, wind-profilers, GPS) COST 713 => harmonised UV-index (with WMO, WHO) COST-725 => phenology as a climate proxy, IPCC- report => Operational db (PEP-725 /EUMETNET/) => GEO task US-09 -03 d (Global Phenology) + Many strategic first steps in various Domains, e. g. : - European sea level observing system and Network of ocean stations - 1 st road traffic aid system for adverse weather conditions - First GSM standards ; - First standards for low-floor buses - Some results and history: Joffre S. M. , WMO Bulletin, No. 51(2) April 2002, p. 150 -155 COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

Applications of phenological data: climate change trends in IPCC 4 th European(2007) Cooperation in Science and Technology Assessment Report www. cost. eu COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu Ongoing ESSEM Actions with direct CIMO relevance ES 0702 - European ground-based observations of essential variables for climate and operational meteorology => EUMETNET/EUCOS, ISOWG, THORPEX, GMES ES 0802 - Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) in Atmospheric Research ES 0903 - Spectral Sampling Tools for Vegetation Biophysical Parameters and Flux Measurements => ILEAPS, ICOS ES 0804 - Advancing the integrated monitoring of trace gas exchange between biosphere and atmosphere => ILEAPS, ICOS, GEOLAND ES 0806 - Stable Isotopes in Biosphere-Atmosphere-Earth System Research ES 0604 - Atmospheric Water Vapour in the Climate System => SPARC, GCOS, IGACO ES 0902 - Permafrost and Gas Hydrate related CH 4 Release in the Arctic and Impact on Climate Change: European Cooperation for Long-term Monitoring => IGLO, GOSAT COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

www. cost. eu Cooperation in Science and Technology COST ESSEM European assets towards WMO COST ESSEM DC = 30 national delegates with expertise covering various aspects of Earth System Science including Meteorology, Atmospheric Sciences, Air Quality, Hydrology, Oceanography, Earth Observation and Remote Sensing Permanent Observers from: WMO, EUMETNET, EC/DG-Res, EEA, EMS => Efficient exploitation and transfer of COST results to wider forums => WMO assigns dedicated contact persons within its administration for all relevant COST Actions => interactions & coordination (e. g. , WMO Intercomparison campaigns, mutual exchange of experts) => Several COST Actions became EUMETNET Programmes, thus enabling full development from science to operationality Several ESSEM Actions have direct activities supporting WMO objectives. Partnership with HMEI (Association of Hydro-meteorological Equipment Industry) COST Actions have a wide participation basis => Effective reach-out, Wide consensus & application coverage COST Actions concern grossly all 9 GEO Societal Benefit Areas Ad-hoc Cooperation (+ coordination) with other organisations: ITU, WHO, UNESCOIOC, FAO, EUMETSAT, ESA, ECMWF, EC (JRC, EEA, GMES, DG-Env) COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu Thank you for your attention! More info: Sylvain Joffre: sylvain. joffre@fmi. fi Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland Carine Petit, ESSEM Science Officer: carine. petit@cost. eu COST Office, Brussels, Belgium www. cost. eu COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract

European Cooperation in Science and Technology www. cost. eu Allying/Pooling National Projects into a COST Action Country A National Projects goals & deliverables: m, n, p, q ERA COST Action: Achieving together goals & deliverables: m, p’, q Country D Ntnl Project goals & deliverables: m, p, r COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme Country C Ntnl projects goals & deliverables: n, p, q, s International organisation ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract Non-COST Partner: goal p Country B Ntnl Project goal/ deliverable: m