EUROPEAN COMMISSION Progress with the revision and consolidation

EUROPEAN COMMISSION Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European Basic Safety Standards Directive Stefan Mundigl, Vesa Tanner European Commission DG Energy and Transport Radiation Protection Unit

Role of the European Union . . Euratom Treaty (1957) » Allow the development of nuclear energy while protecting the health and safety of workers and members of the public Establish uniform Basic Safety Standards » Ensure their application (transposition; implementation; infringement procedure) Ensure the protection of the environment » “air, water, soil” Research (fission/fusion Framework Programmes) » radiation biology Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 2

Development of a new European Basic Safety Standards Directive . . Consolidation of existing European radiation protection legislation » Reorganisation of legal texts Revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards (Directive 96/29/Euratom) » Includes also new substance matters Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 3

Consolidation of the European Radiation Protection Legislation . . . Basic Safety Standards, Directive 96/29/Euratom Medical Exposures, Directive 97/43/Euratom Public Information, Directive 89/618/Euratom Outside Workers, Directive 90/641/Euratom Control of high-activity sealed radioactive sources and orphan sources, Directive 2003/122/Euratom Radon, Commission Recommendation 90/143/Euratom Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 4

. . Motivation for revision of the Euratom BSS More binding requirements on » » » Natural radiation sources Criteria for clearance Cooperation between Member States for emergency planning and response Review of the regulatory control system » » Graded approach to regulatory control Cover NORM industries New recommendations by the ICRP Revision of the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards » Strive for greater harmonisation Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 5

Impact of the new ICRP Recommendations . . . Based on three different exposure situations » » » Planned Existing Emergency Constraints and Reference levels » » Source related prospective tool for optimisation Societal basis – bands of constraints Forthcoming ICRP Documents on » » Emergency exposure situations (available for comments) Existing exposure situations (rehabilitation of contaminated areas) Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 6

Topical issues for the BSS revision . . . . Natural Radiation » » NORM industries Radon Building materials Cosmic radiation (exposure of aircrew) Exemption and clearance Graded approach to regulatory control Education and training Emergency preparedness and response Occupational exposure (Outside workers) Protection of the environment Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 7

NORM industries . . “Positive” list of types of industries » Identification of industries of concern Activity concentrations above 1 Bq/g (10 Bq/g for K-40) » » » Not applicable to recycling in building materials Higher values for segments of the decay chain Lower values where appropriate in specific cases Assessment of doses to workers » » 1 -6 m. Sv: keep under review – apply ALARA > 6 m. Sv: controlled areas Assessment of effluents and disposal of waste » Recycling rather than radioactive waste disposal Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 8

Radon . . . Requirement for a national action plan » » All sources: soil, building material, water Definition of radon prone areas Reference levels for existing dwellings, new dwellings, workplaces and public buildings (schools) Building codes for new buildings Provide information » » House owners Building profession Occupational exposure » » Radon measurements Reference levels Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 9

Exemption and clearance . . Enhance clarity of the concepts Same levels for both concepts » » Basis: IAEA RS-G-1. 7 Study launched to • evaluate differences with EC RP 122, • assess impact of lowering the exemption levels Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 10

Regulatory control . . Graded approach to regulatory control » » » Exemption Notification Registration (new) » Licensing • e. g. authorisation in cases of a limited risk Accommodate approach for NORM industries Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 11

Licensing Registration Specific Exemption Generic (explicit) exemption (Art. 3) Authorised planned exposure situations Regulatory Control of Planned exposure situations Notification Magnitude & likelihood of exposures Situations outside the Directive Progress with Scope the revisionof andthe consolidation of the European BSS | 12

Occupational exposure . . Most requirements remain unchanged Incorporation of the Outside Workers Directive (90/641/Euratom) . » » » Dose passbook National dose registries Information exchange between national dose registries Dose limits » 20 m. Sv/year versus 100 m. Sv/five consecutive years and 50 m. Sv/year Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 13

Monitoring individuals exposed to external radiation . Project to revise the Technical recommendations for monitoring individuals occupationally exposed to external radiation (EC publication Radiation Protection RP 73, 1994) » Update technical and scientific knowledge, e. g. on approved electronic dose meters, » International recommendations, guides, standards from ICRP, ICRU, ISO, IEC, CEN/CENELEC, . . . » 12 years experience with RP 73 . Draft recommendations expected for April 2009 Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 14

Outline of new Euratom BSS . . . Preamble Title III Title IV Title VIII Title IX Title XIII Subject matter and scope Definitions System of protection Responsibilities for regulatory control Requirements for education and training Justification and regulatory control of planned exposure situations Protection of workers, apprentices and students Protection of patients and other individuals submitted to medical exposure Protection of members of the public Protection of the environment Emergency exposure situations Existing exposure situations Final provisions Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 15

Further steps . . . Long way to go: Working party on recasting » prepare a complete draft Basic Safety Standards Directive including • consolidated Directives • revised Directive 96/29 Discuss complete proposal with the Article 31 Group of Experts » June – November 2009 Commission proposal for a Directive (2010) Discussion at the Council Atomic Questions Group » Information to the European Parliament Adoption of the Directive Transposition by the Member States Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 16

IAEA International Basic Safety Standards . . European Commission is formally » » Co-sponsoring the Safety Fundamentals Joining the IAEA secretariat for the review of International Basic Safety Standards • In view of potential co-sponsorship Representatives of the IAEA participate as observers in Article 31 Group of Experts and its working parties Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 17

. . . Summary Consolidation of the existing European radiation protection legislation Revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards » » » Impact of new ICRP Recommendations Integrate natural and artificial radiation Strive for greater harmonisation with the IAEA BSS Occupational exposure » » » Most requirements remain unchanged Incorporation of the Outside Workers Directive • Requirements for national dose registries Discussion of the dose limits Progress with the revision and consolidation of the European BSS | 18