EUROPEAN COLONIALISM Colonization of Africa colonialism the forced

EUROPEAN COLONIALISM

Colonization of Africa • colonialism- the forced control of one nation by another nation

Reasons for Colonization • Africa has many raw materials and natural resources not found in Europe including: – cotton – rubber – ivory – minerals including gold and diamonds

Reasons for Colonization • New industries in Europe needed metals like copper and tin. • Europeans also used Africa as a source of cheap labor. • African countries were new markets for European goods.

European Influence • Europeans looked down upon African ways of life. • Europeans wanted to change African culture to be more like European culture. • missionary- a person who goes to a foreign country to spread his or her religion • Missionaries brought Christianity to Africa.

Beginnings of New Imperialism • the Age of New Imperialism- countries competing for land power at the end of the 19 th century • The growth of European colonies in Africa was called “The Scramble for Africa. ” • European countries were “scrambling” to get their piece of Africa.

Great Britain • Great Britain and France often fought for control of parts of Africa. • The British controlled the gold and ivory trade in West Africa.

France • The French wanted to spread their culture. • Established themselves in northern Algeria and West Africa. • Trade outposts were built in West Africa for the slave trade. • Most of the French-controlled land was desert. • They traded palm oil and timber.

Belgium • Belgium also competed for African land. • King Leopold II purchased the Congo River basin. • The amount of land purchased was bigger than Belgium itself.

Berlin Conference • a series of meetings held in Berlin, Germany in 1884 • European nations attended the conference. • African rulers DID NOT. • The European nations divided Africa amongst themselves. • Europeans owned almost all of Africa by the end of the conference.

Partitioning Of Africa Colonized Africa Modern Africa