EUROPE Bellringer and Notes 1 List the 7

EUROPE

Bellringer and Notes #1 • List the 7 continents. • List the 4 oceans. • SS 6 G 8 The student will locate selected features of Europe

Bellringer and Notes#1 -Map Skills • SS 6 G 8 The student will locate selected features of Europe. • a. Locate on a regional political- physical map: the Danube River, Rhine River, English Channel, Mediterranean Sea, European Plain, the Alps, Pyrenees, Ural Mountains, Iberian Peninsula, and Scandinavian Peninsula. • b. Locate on a regional political-physical map the countries of Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, and United Kingdom.

Bellringer and Notes # 2 • Copy and answer the questions: • 1. Which oceans surround Europe? • 2. Name 3 countries located on Europe.

Bellringer and Notes#2 -Map Skills • SS 6 G 8 The student will locate selected features of Europe. • a. Locate on a regional political- physical map: the Danube River, Rhine River, English Channel, Mediterranean Sea, European Plain, the Alps, Pyrenees, Ural Mountains, Iberian Peninsula, and Scandinavian Peninsula. • b. Locate on a regional political-physical map the countries of Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, and United Kingdom.

Bellringer and Notes # 3 Copy and Answer the Question: 1. Name the 3 mountain ranges. 2. Name the 2 rivers.

Bellringer and Notes for Jan 12 -14 • Europe is continent full of peninsulas and mountains… • 1. Iberian Peninsula= Spain • 2. Scandinavian Peninsula=largest in Europe, includes Finland, Norway, and Sweden • 3. Pyrenees Mtns=border Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe • 4. Urals Mtns= Natural border of Europe and Asia, also borders European Plain

Map Quiz 1 -Number Paper 10. Write the correct landform or country. 10 2 3 7 8 1 6 4 Country Landform 5 9

Bellringer # 4 • Copy and Answer the following questions: • 1. List the 9 countries we have studied in Europe. . • Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

United Kingdom • United Kingdom – Country of islands off the mainland of Europe – Consists of Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales – Center of Trade for Europe-10 ports and 7 airports – Trading partners-France, Scandinavian Peninsula, Scotland, and US (#1) – Mild Climate- rainfall throughout the year, warm-water ports, good farmland – Natural Resources consists of coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, sand slate – 80% of residents work in service industries Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Russia • Russia Covers 2 continents (Europe and Asia) Large nation and shares a border with 15 other nations It is home to over 5 million people St. Petersburg, capital, is the busiest city Largest river is the Volga River- ½ of cities are built along this river – Very cold in Russia, much of the ground remains frozen (called permafrost). Summers are mild – Natural Resources are timber, gold, aluminum, coal, iron ore, and water which produces hydroelectric power – – – • Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Activity # 4 Russia United Kingdom • Both Russia and the United Kingdom are rich in natural resources. However, due to the climate Russia’s natural resources lie hidden beneath the earth’s surface. How do you think these two countries have developed economically over the years? • Write at least 5 sentences explaining your opinion.

Bellringer # 5 • Copy and Answer questions using notes: • Name 1 way United Kingdom and Russia are alike. • Name 1 way United Kingdom and Russia are different. • Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Germany • Land of Germany – Located on the European Plain-Land is divided in three zones—the Alps Mtns in the South, the hills in the middle and the Plains in the north – The Rhine River is the main river for trade; has an excellent highway system and has built many tunnels and bridges to improve trade – Germany has 8 major ports and 14 major airports. – Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Germany Climate and Natural Resources • Climate and Natural Resources of Germany – Has a marine climate-warm winters and cool summers – Germany has ample precipitation to grow plenty of crops – Natural Resources include- iron ore, coal, – Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Italy • Land of Italy – Located on in southern Europe (boot-shaped)Northern border is the Alps and the Apennine mountains run throughout the middle-its 2 x the size of the state of Georgia, yet 7 x as many people live there – 2 islands belong to Italy-Sicily and Sardina – It has 7 airports and 8 ports, along with a very reliable system of roads, bridges, and tunnels – Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Italy Climate and Natural Resources • Climate and Natural Resources of Italy – Has a Mediterranean climate-temperatures comfortable throughout the year-little rain in the summer, ample rain in the winter – Italy has ample precipitation to grow plenty of crops – Natural Resources include-natural gas, marble, granite, coal, and mercury – Much arable land-used to grow grapes and olives – Standard-SS 6 G 10 -Explains how location, climate, and natural resources are interrelated

Venn Diagram Class Activity Using a Venn diagram compare and contrast Italy and Germany. Refer back to your notes to complete this activity. You will need at least 5 ideas in each part of the circles.

Quiz- Environmental Issues • Copy and Answer the Question: – 1. Name 1 difference between Italy and Germany. – 2. Name 1 way Italy and Germany are the same. Standard: The student will discuss environmental issues in Europe

Environmental Issues in Europe Germany has a problem of acid rain in their country-it has damaged ½ of the Black Forest. Currently Germany is working on new sources of fuel such as wind and solar energy, thereby reducing pollution and its effects of acid rain.

Great Smog of 1952 in United Kingdom #6 Smog is caused by sunlight acting on the gases from vehicle and factory exhaust. The Great Smog resulted from a coal fire and lasted 4 days. The city slowed, crime increased and people begin to worry! After this the gov’t of London began passing measures to ensure pollution was reduced.

Nuclear Disaster in Chernobyl, Ukraine #6 In 1986, one of the nuclear reactors exploded during a low-energy test. Tons of radioactive material poisoned the drinking water and soil. A 39 mile area was condemned and closed to the public. The reactor was buried in concrete to try to correct the problem. Ukraine is a nuclear energy free country as a result of this. The reactor that exploded was designed to build weapons and not energy.

Bellringer # 7 Environmental Issues in Europe Quiz • Copy and Answer the Question: – 1. What caused the Great Smog of London? – 2. Why were the trees damaged in the Black Forest of Germany? Standard: – The student will discuss cultural issues in Europe

Europe Languages • • Languages of Europe is about the same size as the US, but its population is more than double of the US. Europe has more than 200 languages that are spoken regularly. 20% of the people speak either English or German There are 3 main language families spoken in Europe: Germanic, Romance, and Slavic

Europe Langauges • Germanic Languages consist of German • Romance Languages includes French, Italian, and Spanish-mostly come from Latin-use the Roman alphabet • Slavic Languages-includes Russian and use the Cyrillic alphabet • 3 Main Religions in Europe-Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Bellringer # 8 • Copy and answer the questions: • 1. What language makes up the Germanic family? • 2. What languages make up the Romance Languages?

European Exploration • Countries sought to find a new trade route around Africa to Asia – These countries wanted to purchase silks and spices from Asia without the huge transportation cost. – They also wanted to spread the Christian faith. Standard-Students will analyze the impact of European exploration and colonization on various world regions

Europe Exploration • Prince Henry the Navigator from Portugal • Studied navigation, astronomy, and cartography (maps) • Established a naval observatory • Sent out more than 50 expeditions down the African coast to try to break the Muslim strongholds • Eventually gained access to the Spice Islands (Asia)

Bellringer # 9 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • Name 2 accomplishments of Prince Henry? • What country was Prince Henry from? Standard-Students will analyze the impact of European exploration and colonization on various world regions

Bellringer # 9 • 4 Empires that tried to explore and settle the new world Empire Leaders/ Explorers Area Explored Time France Spain Portugal England

Empire France Spain Portugal England Leaders/ Explorers Napoleon I Christopher Columbus Prince Henry, Bartolomeu Dias (Cape of Good Hope), and Vasco da Gama (sailed around CGH) None listed Time Frame 1500 s-1900 s 1490 s-1500 s 1571 -1822 1700 s-1900 s Accomplishments/Ar Germany, ea controlled Italy, Spain, parts of Canada, parts of South America, parts of Asia, and parts of NW Africa Bahamas, huge Outposts on Africa, areas of North India, Pacific Islands, and South Japan, Brazil America, Philippines Canada, Australia, India, most of Africa *Largest empire in history *At one point in time ¼ of all people under control of British

Bellringer # 10 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. Which country did Napoleon represent? • 2. Which country did Prince Henry represent?

Europe Governments 3 main types of governments • Unitary- central gov’t has all the power example-Cuba • Confederation-group of states or communities that come together to support one another, participates are voluntary and equal, all must agree before any action is taken example: Commonwealth of Nations • Federal-has a constitution which explains the rights and duties of each central and state gov’t example: United States

Citizen Participation 3 main types of citizen participation • autocratic- single ruler; no citizens participate example-Cuba • oligarchic-small group of people; no citizens participate unless chosen by leader example: Egypt • Democratic- citizens of the country; all citizens can participate example: United States

Bellringer # 11 • Copy and Answer the Questions. • List 3 types of citizen participation. • Describe each one. • Standard-The student will explain the modern form of European government

Europe Government • 2 Forms of Democracy-Presidential (North and South America) and Parliamentary (Europe) • Head of State is one the main differences in the 2 forms of democracy. • In the Presidential, the Head of State is the President and chief executive. He is symbol of country and serves as ceremonially leader. He runs the country day to day. • In the Parliamentary form of government, there is the Head of State and the Prime Minister. The PM runs the country day to day. The Head of State is the Queen/King and is the symbol of the country.

Pair Activity # 11 • Using a Venn diagram compare and contrast the 2 forms of democracy. Refer back to your notes to complete this activity. You will need at least 3 ideas in each part of the circles.

Bellringer # 12 • Copy and Answer the questions: • 1. Name the 2 forms of democracy. • 2. Describe 1 of them. • Standard: The student will explain the modern governments of Europe

Europe Government • Individual Governments of Europe – United Kingdom (Parliamentary Democracy) – Germany (Federal) – Russia (Federal)- Monday Standard: The student will explain the modern governments of Europe

United Kingdom Government • Parliament is the law-making body-It is divided into 2 houses- the House of Lords and House of Commons • The House of Lords are appointed by the monarch and have little power • The House of Commons are elected by the citizens and have the majority of the power • The leader of Parliament is the Prime Minister and the Head of State is the Queen (monarch)

Germany Government • Parliament is the law making body- it is divided into 2 houses-the Bundestag and the Bundesrat • The lower house is the Bundestag and they have the most power-citizens elect this house • The upper house is the Bundesrat and it deals mainly with the state governments • The constitution of Germany is known as the Basic Law • Germany is a representative democracy and is a federal gov’t • The Chancellor is the chief executive • The President is the head of state

Bellringer # 13 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. What is the difference between the House of Lords and House of Commons? • 2. What is the difference between the federation and the State Duma? • Standard: The student will explain the modern governments of Europe

Russia Government • Federal Assembly is the law making body- it is divided into 2 houses-the State Duma and the Federation Council • Federation Council-has 2 representatives from each state appoints the council’s members-not directly elected by the people-they approve the President’s choices • State Duma is the larger of the two, it has 450 members that are elected by the people, this group controls the budget and approves the choice for Prime Minster • The President is the head of state, elected by the people, he selects the Prime Minister, who is the chief executive

European Union-EU *Purpose of the EU is the bind several different countries together to function as one system-economically *This makes the countries more powerful and competitive in the world market *The EU created the EURO in order to make trade easy through Europe *The EU is a large free trade zone *Each country still has own military, laws, and government

Bellringer # 14 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. Name the law-making body for the following countries-Russia, Germany, United Kingdom, and United States • 2. Name the 2 houses of government for each of the above listed countries • Standard: The student will analyze various economies

Ecomony of Europe • Every economy must answer 3 economic questions: 1. What to produce? 2. How to produce it? 3. For whom will it be produced? • How the country answers these questions determines what type of economy it has…it will be market, command, traditional, or mixed. • Almost all economies have a mixed economy.

Economy of Europe • Traditional economy is very primitive and is based on how the view of money has been passed down from generation to generation. Usually the jobs are passed from father to son or mother to daughter. Things are decided on how they have always been done. • Command economy the government decides and controls all aspects of the money making desicions. • Market economy the consumers and business owners decide what goods will be produced and why • A Mixed economy is 2 or more of these forms of economies

Activity #14 • Pick any product that can be brought in the US. • Answer the 3 economic questions from your own perspective. • Using your answers, create a marketing slogan for your product. • It must be original. • Use white paper to show your advertising campaign.

Bellringer #15 • Copy and Answer the following questions: • 1. Who is in charge in the command economy? • 2. Who is in charge in the market economy? • Standard: The student will analyze various economies

Economic Terms Scarcity- limited supply of a good Quota- how much is produced in a given time Supply- amount of goods available Demand-how many consumers want the goods Law of supply and Demand- determines the price people pay for things • Free economics -business operate without much interference from the government • • •

Economic Terms • Trade barriers- prevent trade from occurring example: tariffs (tax), quota (limit), embargo (stop trade) • Free trade zone- area with no tariffs to pay-example European Union • Currency-money used to trade or buy goods and services with

Bellringer # 16 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. What is supply? • 2. What is demand? • Standard: Student will describe various economic systems

GPD • Gross Domestic Product-the total value of goods and services a country produces • The GDP is the measuring stick for how well or poor a country is doing in the world economy • A higher GDP usually brings a higher standard of living for the citizens and a higher literacy rate (ability to read and write)

Entreprenuer • Entrepreneur –owns/starts a business • 2 main types of capital – Human capital-gives training and education to people – Physical Capital- factories, machines, and property

Bellringer # 17 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. What is GDP? • 2. What does literacy rate mean?

Did you know? • The United Kingdom discovered Australia in 1606. • James Cook was the captain of the voyage. • He claimed it for the UK and called it “New South Wales” • It was intended to be a prison (penal) colony in order to relive the burden of overcrowding the jails. • UK also wanted a naval base for itself. • The UK saw Australia as a economic trading base. • Finally, the UK didn’t want France to have it.

Europe Conflict & Change • Using your text book, order these events by listing their dates and placing them on a timeline…. • 6 -Warsaw Pact, 2 -Russian Revolution, 5 -WWII, 1 -WWI, 4 - Depression, Cold War, 3 -Treaty of Versailles, 5 -Holocaust, 6 -NATO, 7 -Iron Curtain, 8 -Berlin Wall (falls)

Bellringer # 18 • Copy and Answer: • 1. Who claimed Australia for UK? 2. List 1 reason why the UK wanted Australia.

WW 1 • World War I began for several different reasons: – 1. Nationalism – 2. Militarism – 3. Imperialism – 4. Alliance System – 5. The Assignation of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Did you know? • Nationalism-the love of one’s country • Militarism- using strong armies and threat of war to bully others • Imperialism- Africa was the last unknown-all of Europe wanted to gain as much land as possible and this was the last undiscovered land-known as the “Scramble for Africa” • Alliance System- 2 main systems- the Allied and the Central Powers • Allied- Russia, France, and Britain • Central Powers-Austria-Hungry, Ottoman Empire, Germany, and Bulgaria

Did you know? • World War I begins when the Archduke Franz Ferdinand was shot and killed by a member of the Black Hand, a pro Serbia group • After he died, the alliance system folded together and each country begin attacking one other • World War I became known as the Great War • It lasted 4 years 1914 -1919

Did you know? • During WWI, Russia had its own struggle • The Russian Revolution begin in 1917 in an attempt to overthrow their ruler, the Czar of Russia

Treaty of Versailles • The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI and it had 3 main parts targeted at Germany…in the Allied minds it was Germany’s fault so they should be punished • 1. Germany’s military was reduced by 2/3 • 2. Part of Germany’s land was given to the Allied • 3. Germany had to pay reparations (war debts) to Allied Powers

Really… During WWI, civil war broke out in Russia. The military refused to help the czar. As a result, the czar was overthrow. He and his family were kidnapped. A new government was established under Lenin. It had the roots of communism.

Bellringer # 19 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. What document ended WWI? • 2. Which country was blamed for WWI?

Bellringer # 20 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. Who took over as ruler of Russia after the czar was kidnapped? • 2. Which country was the Treaty of Versailles aimed at punishing?

Change and Conflict in Europe • After WWI, Americans enjoyed good times. • From 1919 to mid-20 s, the soldiers returned home, the women returned to the home instead of the factory, easy credit was available to purchase large items, and construction increased, as did home loans. • This was known as the “Roaring 20 s” • 1929 -the Stock Market fell due to speculationgambling on the market, easy credit, decline of home construction, and banks closed.

Bellringer #21 • Copy and Answer: • 1. List 1 fact from the Depression. • 2. Which came first the Depression or WWI?

WW 2 World War II The Treaty of Versailles left Germany ready for revenge. Germany’s economy was in poor shape. In 1933, Adolf Hitler was elected to rule Germany. He was a member of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party and believed that fascism was the only way to help Germany. • Fascism is a gov’t system ruled by a dictator with a strong military to enforce laws-extreme form of nationalism and patriotism-also strong racist beliefs • Hilter felt it was nescessary to have a reason for the condition of Germany besides the truth (effects of WWI/depression) blamed the Jewish race • •

Holocaust & Hilter • Hitler and his military took property from Jews and sent them along with anyone who opposed him to the concentration camps • This lead to the Holocaust which resulted killing at least 6 million Jews and others • In 1934, Hitler took control of the military. • In 1939, Hitler invaded Poland WWII had began.

Bellringer # 22 • Copy and Answer: • Define fascism. • Who were the two groups Hitler targeted for the problems of Germany?

Timeline-Order events. . Put them in Sequence Order with Dates- Group Activity • • • Italy takes control of Ethiopia Japan forms an alliance with Germany Hitler commits suicide Battle of Britain begins US declares war on Japan Adolf Hitler takes control of Germany Hitler seizes control of Czechoslovakia Japan surrenders Germany surrenders US drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan US drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan

Bellringer # 23 • Copy and Answer the Questions: • 1. When did Mussolini take power? • 2. Why do you think Italy and Germany surrender at the same time?