Eurocopter toward green helicopter 11 September 2012 presented

Eurocopter toward green helicopter 11 September 2012 – presented by Yves Favennec

What is "Green" ? External noise reduction – Produced noise – Perceived noise Emission & fossil fuel consumption reduction – Consuming less energy – Producing energy more efficiently – Non fossil fuels Eurocopter transparency: a metric for green helicopters Green manufacturing 2

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved External Noise: main sources Anti-torque system Main Rotor: Impulsive noise Blade Vortex Interaction High Speed Impulsive Engines: air intakes and exhausts 3

True figures to know ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved 68 d. B What you hear if you are sleeping here In your room, loud and clear! 70 d. B Close to your bed 77 d. B On the road 72 d. B 73 d. B 4

Rules for noise certification ICAO noise standard certification for each type of helicopter : – Maximum permissible noise level. Helicopter noise level certified to the standard applicable at the date of the airworthiness: – If evolution of the type : no obligation to get new certification. Two standards applicable for noise certification : ICAO Annex 16, Chapter 8 or Chapter 11 (< 3175 kg). − Although more restrictive, Standard Chapter 8 supported by EC: – it includes 3 flight conditions (fly over, take off and approach). – better reflects human hearing (EPNL instead of SEL). Therefore, utmost care should be exercised when making comparisons with competitors: − Helicopter noises can only be compared when certified under the same Standard Chapter. Eurocopter has invested heavily in acoustic research, to become the leader in this field 5

Eurocopter: the quietest range in the world Two major innovations gave Eurocopter the leadership: Automatic variable speed control system. – Exists on EC 130, EC 135, EC 225 Quiet Fenestron shrouded tail rotor, belonging to the latest generation of Eurocopter aircraft. It is designed with unequally spaced tail blades. – Exists on EC 120, EC 135, AS 365 N 3, EC 155, EC 145 T 2 Some results: EC 120, EC 130 and EC 135 were the first helicopters to comply with Grand Canyon National Park most restrictive level. In 1996, the EC 120 and the EC 135 were rewarded for the result in terms of global noise level in their category (Decibel d’Or). Eurocopter’s modern range is still the quietest in the world. 6

A 30 year experience in noise reduction design ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved 1970 Gazelle 1980 Dauphin 2000 The silent tail rotor (Fenestron®) EC 130 EC 135 • Reduced rotation speed EC 120 • Non continuous angular distribution of the blades • Higher distance between rotor and stator The reduction of Fenestron® noise is a topic of continuous research and development, and Eurocopter is pursuing both passive and active noise reduction methods. 7

Main rotor noise Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) Cause : Large, impulsive loads induced on the surface of the blade by previously shed tip vortices. Effect : Loud annoying popping sound, efficiently radiated to the far field. Mitigation Methods Reducing strength/core size of vortices Reducing blade response to vortices Increasing miss distance Optimization of the blades tip shape 8

GREEN : Bluecopter Technology Blue Edge™ Blade (EC + Onera) − − − A breakthrough in main rotor blade concept. Double swept design. Passive concept. Reduce the typical Blade Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise. Increase the performances. 9

GREEN : Blue Edge principle Strong BVI occurs when blade is ‘parallel’ to a vortex. Parallel interaction on the entire blade Blue Edge™ blade concept: Avoid strong parallel interaction on the entire blade interaction still occurs, but is weaker. Explain Sound Parallel interaction only on part of the blade 10

GREEN : External noise reduction Blue Pulse Active Blade Control by flaps = Impulsive Noise Reduction Smart Actuation World Premiere 8 Sept 2005 Flight with Active Flaps on EC 145 – – Technology: Piezo electrically actuated servo flaps Benefits: – Exterior noise & cabin vibration reduction – Dynamic load reduction 11

GREEN. External noise reduction Blue Pulse Technology Flap element Piezo-actuator 12

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved GREEN : Friendcopter To reduce external noise – Drag – Active blade trailing edge. – Flight abatement procedures Helena code To reduced engine consumption & noise at same performance. Active trailing edge Modified lateral intakes and gas exhausts 13

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved GREEN: Friendcopter HELENA code – Predict helicopter noise footprints & define new procedures for low noise approach and take off of EC 130/EC 135. – Help manufacturers to predict the external noise of the new helicopters under certification conditions. – Support of heliports authorities with respect to noise impact on the surrounding area. Application : to all helicopters of Eurocopter 14

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Sources: IPCC worldwide data (2004) Greenhouse effect sources = 13. 5% + Examples of percentages of the global annual emissions of anthropogenic GHGs (in terms of CO 2 – eq) = 8% ! = 19. 4% during the 1970 – 2004 period In this period, civil aviation was less than 3% of the total. = 25. 9% = 2. 8% ! + + + airliners) is only 1% of the civil aviation, less than 0. 03% of the total world GHGs emissions. Helicopters represent around 1/10 th of this total. + + General aviation (out of scheduled & non scheduled = 13. 1% A very small figure indeed! So what is the contribution of helicopters? Infinitesimal!! … but in 2005, part of transportation has grown to 23%, of which only 2. 65% were from Aviation activities 15

The turbine’s gas emissions N 2 75. 2% CO 2 & NOX have a negative impact on the + greenhouse effect. CO 2 is cumulative and permanent. ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved O 2 16. 3% + NOx is decayingin time but affects population health. Other 8. 5% CO 2 + Air + N 2 + O 2 72% Kerosene H 2 O 27. 6% + Other 0. 4% C 12 H 23… Soot 0. 1% + UHC 4% + CO 11. 9% Average figures (% in weight) + NOX 84% UHC = Unburned Hydrocarbon 16

CO 2 emissions reduction: a huge challenge Aviation has the highest steady growth rate; and CO 2 has become the primary threat … … to the aviation industry growth Growth in passenger/km Possible improvement in flights management % of CO 2 Emissions compared to year 2000 ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved 500 400 Impact of best possible available technology 300 200 Effect of alternative fuels 100 0 2000 “Sustainable” aviation emissions targets 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 (Courtesy ) Aviation is an essential part of the world economy. To fill the gap, the aviation industry must develop new technologies; and share the technical benefits in order to offer cost effective “green” aircraft. Growth rate estimated in early 2008, before the world economical crisis. 17

What is a “green” helicopter engine? ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Compared to the today’s turbine, it is an engine with drastic reduction of pollution during all cycle life See Clean Sky / ACARE targets: – Fuel consumption: rate reduction of pollution directly in relation with fuel reduction rate. – CO 2 reduction: directly dependant on fuel reduction but can also be achieved by some alternative fuels. – NOx reduction: benefits from SFC reduction but can only be radically reduced by using specific combustion technologies. – Noise reduction: achieved by emission reduction and emission attenuation. – Application of REACH regulation: eliminates from product and processes the substances and products which are dangerous for health and environment. 18

Reduction of gas emissions: already done …. Facts & Figures: ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved From the 50 ties to the early 90 ties the consumption has been dramatically reduced: Artouste 2 C = 144 kg/h = 3. 03 kg CO 2/km 33% consumption less! Arrius 2 F 50% emissions less!!! = 97 kg/h = 1. 50 kg CO 2/km + More power (safety) and higher speed (time saving) Beyond the Clean Sky targets, in 2020, the specific consumption of a 500/800 k. W turbo-shaft engine will have decreased by 16% since 2000. Arrius: CO 2 emissions have been reduced by 15% over the last 10 years. Arrius: NOx emissions have been reduced by 65% over the last 10 years. 19

Alternative fuels: technical and logistic points to be cleared ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved The CO 2 reduction is directly dependant on fuel reduction but can also be achieved by some alternative fuels; but they must offer: – Suitability: specific energy, combustion characteristics, storage stability, compatibility, … – Sustainability: long term potential, lower impact on the environment (GHG) during the full “life cycle process” of the product, impact of extraction on resources, … – Industrialization: mass production, acceptable cost, distribution, … Examples of points to be checked: – To insure that bio fuels bring CO 2 reduction on full cycle and without competition against human nutrition and not detrimental to world forest areas – Physical chemical properties of synthetic fuels: lubrication capability, energetic density, compatibility with other materials, behavior at extreme T° (high and low) … 20

Alternative fuels: on going research program The goal of DREAM (WP 5), is to demonstrate, only for technical aspects, ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved the ability of a turboshaft engine to operate with alternative fuel. – Selection of the most appropriate fuel brand. – Fuel impact on engine systems. – Tests of components. – Demonstration incl. long endurance tests on existing engine. – Demonstration that alternative fuels (50% Jet. A 1 + 50% HVO (UOP)) can be used in an aero engine without major modification and in H/C fuel system. Official approbation of ASTM standard D 7566 11: up to 50% bio derived jet fuel can be added to conventional jet fuel for commercial use. 21

Optimal: to save fuel by saving time ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Optimised Procedures and Techniques for Improvement of Approach and Landing. Air ground co operative project, which is aiming to define and assess: a) Innovative procedures for the approach and landing phases of aircraft and rotorcraft. b) New ATC tools and new airborne functions to support these new procedures. Rotorcraft SPECIFIC procedures: – Specific IFR approach procedures based on GBAS, SBAS – Steep / Curved / Segmented IFR approaches – Simultaneous Non Interfering (SNI) IFR procedures – Enablers: GBAS, SBAS. At the same scale ! 22

Eurocopter: a member of the “Clean Sky” project ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Joint Technology Initiative “Clean Sky” for Aeronautics & Air Transport – Clean Sky JTI is one of the largest European research projects – Budget: € 1. 6 billion, equally shared between the European Union (DG Research) and industry, – Aim: to speed up technological breakthrough developments and shorten the time to market for new solutions tested on Full Scale Demonstrators. – Target: To reduce noise, gas emissions and impact of aviation industry on the environment Eurocopter : funding member of the JTI and co leader of the Rotorcraft ITD 23

Clean Sky: A Joint Technology Initiative • All market segments addressed ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved 6 Integrated Technology Demonstrators (ITD) • Whole supply chain involved • Integration of mature techno bricks Eco-design for Airframe and Systems Smart Fixed-Wing Aircraft Green Regional Aircraft Green Rotorcraft + Agusta. Westland Sustainable and Green Engines Clean Sky Technology Evaluator Systems for Green Operations 24

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved GRC technical objectives Halving noise REACH compliance Green Life Cycle Emissions reduction 25

GRC technical objectives Project ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved GRC 1 (blades) GRC 2 (drag) GRC 3 (electrical systems) GRC 4 (Diesel engine) Foreseen Demo Configurations Ground testing of a full scale active blade segment Downscaled wind tunnel model with active and passive blades Flight with optimised rotor (Westland, TBC) Downscaled wind tunnel model Flight with modified rotor hub fairings; improved turboshaft engine installation Virtual H/C integrator New electrical architecture for medium/heavy helicopters with corresponding equipment tested on “Copper Rig” Modified EC 120 (2 ton class) with Diesel engine to be adapted/developped GRC 5 (Flight path) Quiet departure & landing to/from : Airport with commercial traffic (SNI Simultaneous Non Interfering) Heliport IFR & VFR fuel-saving routes GRC 6 (Eco-Design Rotorcraft Airframe) Industrial applicability of EDA* results of full life cycle for : Typical helicopter composite components : door, cabin floor Typical helicopter metallic components : gear box housing and gear * EDA= Eco. Design for Airframe (generic for all types of aircraft) 26

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved GRC technical objectives 27

GRC 1 - Innovative Blades Reduction of both Noise & Power Demand, by means of : – Design optimization i. e. tailoring of shape & structure ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Active control esp. active twist Based on background from earlier / on-going projects : − Friendcopter (WP 5): − Active flexible trailing edge − Active twist − GOAHEAD − Computational Fluid Dynamics − Wind tunnel data base 28

GRC 2 - Drag Reduction of airframe & non lifting rotating components : ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Main and tail rotor pylon & hub Hub Powerplant – Fuselage tail junction – Turbo shaft engine installation (intakes, nozzles) – Tail unit and tail surfaces – Shape optimization Methods: – Active flow control – Wind tunnel tests & flight demos Tail unit Results: – Lower fuel consumption & CO 2 Tail cone 29

GRC 3 – Electrical Systems Goal : removal of hydraulic fluid, deletion ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved of engine bleed air circuit. Efficient electrical generation, conversion and distribution (generic for small aircraft). Electromagnetic Actuators for helicopter flight control (ground testing). Efficient power generation and control for piezoelectric actuation, esp. active blades. Electrically driven Tail Rotor (concept studies). 30

GRC 5 – Environment-Friendly Flight Paths ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved SNI shorter routes to minimise fuel emission and gas emission IFR & VFR approach and departure procedures (noise footprint minimization) Low level VFR & IFR en route navigation (noise impact minimization) Consistency of IFR low noise procedures with ATM (Simultaneous non Interfering approaches) In IFR conditions, automatic generation of low noise flying path (implementation of predictive noise footprints and automatic low noise flight through FM – automatic pilot) In VRF conditions, real time update of noise footprint model (through a board sensors) allows the pilot to follow the lowest noise flying path. 31

GRC 4 – Installation of Diesel Engine Target : light single helicopter (EC 120) Investigation of the concept ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Integration study Engine specification => Partner to develop / adapt Ground testing (+flight beyond Clean Sky) Cruise Take off 32

Installation of a Diesel engine on a light helicopter ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Rationale and technical targets: – Small turbine engines helped the light multi-mission helicopter market to grow fast from the fifties, thanks to significant advantages w. r. t. AVGAS piston engines : – Automatic control of the rotor speed. – Large weight saving, despite higher fuel consumption and bigger tanks. – Better safety without carburetor and ignition problems. – Further improvements beneficial to all sizes of helicopters came : – Free turbine engines helped to get rid of clutch problems. – Digital control units helped to optimize the engine power ratings all over the flight envelope and to improve safety. – Diesel car engines made tremendous progress in the fields of : – Direct high pressure fuel injection. – Digital control system. – Turbocharger. – Emissions control. In addition to the large reliability improvements of all components specific to reciprocating engines brought by the huge car market and competition. 33

Installation of a Diesel engine on a light helicopter Rationale and technical targets… ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Today, the advantages of such modern Diesel engines for helicopters are clear : – the engine maximum power can be down sized by approx. 20 % thanks to the turbocharger which provides constant power up to high altitudes, – thermodynamic efficiency is in the range of 32 35 %, instead of 25 % for small turbine engines the sophistication of which is limited by the cost aspects – the maximum efficiency (i. e. the minimum fuel consumption) is kept on a large power range, and not only at the Take off power. – the installation power losses at the level of air intakes and exhausts are potentially eliminated. – The helicopter market has the opportunity to take advantage of synergies with the car industry in terms of : – reduce rate of FOSSIL FUELS USE. – engine EMISSIONS CONTROL and REDUCTION. – further EFFICIENCY improvements. – COSTS and SUPPORT network. 34

Installation of a Diesel engine on a light helicopter Rationale and technical targets… ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Preliminary analysis helped to define the following targets : – 45 % average fuel consumption reduction. – 50 % NOx emission reduction. – 500% CO (poison gas) emission reduction. – TBD % CO 2 emission reduction (no reference known on turbines, but should follow the fuel consumption reduction). – TBD % (> 100%) particles emission reduction thanks to particle filters. Viability of the concept is closely linked to a weight optimization of piston engines and integration into the helicopter in order to recover the empty weight penalty through fuel savings in less than 1 HOUR flight time, instead of a 2. 5 hours order of magnitude with the current available data. 35

How to Measure Environmental Performance Need for environmental information ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Public acceptance of helicopter activities is under attack –Compliance: ever demanding environmental regulations –Market demand: emerging need to understand helicopter’s environmental performance Need for a specific indicator –Simple to understand: visual, transparent, honest –Specific to helicopters and different from other means of transportation –Could become an industry standard Need for an additional benchmark tool –Environment is another criterion for selection in addition to performance, safety, costs, DMC, comfort, etc. –Will trigger R&D efforts in environmental areas 36

ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved 3 Life Cycle Stages, 2 Predominant Criteria Over the entire life cycle, the operation phase contributes to up to 70% of a helicopter’s total environmental impact Noise and emissions are dominant during operations 37

3 Life Cycle Stages, 2 Predominant Criteria « Eurocopter believes that transparent environmental communications by the rotary wing aircraft industry is essential to building a relationship of trust with the public, and it encourages industry stakeholders as well as to invest heavily in the protection of the environment » Eurocopter President & CEO Lutz Bertling said. The following metrics (noise and emission) has been established and published by Eurocopter. The committee’s efforts resulted in proposals for slight modifications of Eurocopter’s initial environmental performance indicators and the company now plans to integrate these recommendations in the definitions of environmental indicators. In the frame of an AHS Int’l ad hoc committee, it has been discussed with the other manufacturers. 38

Flight Hours Rather Than Distance ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Emission as a function of distance – Already an established standard for cars = CO 2/ km. – Airliners do not compete favorably. – Totally inappropriate for helicopters. Emission factor should consider helicopter’s multi-role capacity – Point to point transportation accounts for just 30% of total missions. – Aerial work and SAR missions are performed at hover. – Time generally matters more than distance. What is an average mission profile? – Hover: 10% – Vbe: 30% – 120 kts: 60% 41

Eurocopter commitment to “industrial” environment Context – Eurocopter is working in a worldwide competition. ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Regulations are national, European or/and worldwide. – Management of obsolescence is a legal necessity but Eurocopter set up a preventive policy and is working in advance. Difficulties – Actors (Customers, Suppliers) are not in the same regulatory system (Europe, Asia, Americas…). – Legal requirements are at different levels (Europe, States, Regions), applicable rules also depend on internal policy, contract specifications, export authorizations, …. Protection of the Environment: a global approach – ISO 14001: an Eurocopter group willingness – REACH: an European regulation (1 st June 2007) 44

ISO 14001: To improve the environmental situation. ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Key issues: ISO 14001 introduction for a transversal organization allows: – Taking into account of the environmental impacts of Eurocopter’s activities and services at every level. – Matching the suitable responses with socio economic and legal requirements. The goal is to be in accordance with the most stringent rules related to environmental protection for the following activities: – Surface treatment – Painting materials and processes – Management of wastes – Control of chemicals and studies for substitution if necessary – Reduction of atmospheric emissions and power consumptions – Products recycling or “green” elimination processes 45

French sites environmental actions plan ISO 14001 Certified Improved management and use of chemicals: ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – To ensure 100% traceability – To secure 100% procurements Control of atmospheric emissions: – To realize 100% of mandatory measurements – Reduction of VOC emissions: 40% Marignane, 65% La Courneuve To improve waste’s management = reduction of 3%, valorization 70 % Reduced consumptions: – Energy = 3% To develop sense of responsibility towards: – 100% staff awareness of environmental issues. – 100% of the most important internal suppliers. 46

Environmental technology for “green” environment ISO 14001 Certified Donauwörth ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved – Surface treatment sector: the painting booths have been equipped with an air flow rate system of 160, 000 m 3/h. – Heating plant (40 MW): ultramodern control system and new pumps are parts of the equipment which will reduce CO 2 emissions by 25% per k. Wh and will decrease the consumption by around 10%. Investment: € 240, 000. Advantages of the systems: • Cost reduction • Reduction in CO 2 emissions • Reduced emissions of particles In June 2008, the adhesion of ECD to the Bavarian Environmental Pact was signed. This is a commitment that ECD environmental efforts will go beyond legal requirements. 47

Environmental technology for “green” air La Courneuve: the new Blades Finishing Workshop recently inaugurated. ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved ISO 14001 Certified Among the goals: – to reduce environmental impact, – to use substitution goods, – to decrease the risks for workers by design, – to minimize the risk of fire. − Dust particles picked up by sucking devices at the source (sanding machine), − Painting booths only fed with clean air and equipped with filters, − Replacement of 2 or 3 products by only one being a lower rate of Volatile Organic Compounds emission, − Substitution of primary paints by other ones less dangerous. 48

Environmental technology for “green” protection Albacete ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved − Innovative infrastructure with recycling system based on the prevention principle. − Different types of waste sorted and collected separately. − Site’s underground sewage network designed to minimize maintenance overheads by limiting the output of untreated waste, reducing noise emissions, spillage and accidental release, while cutting energy consumption. − Internal audit, preliminary appraisal and certification audit are planned by end of in the coming weeks. − Workshops team leaders have received training on environmental impacts of production activities. ISO 14001 Certified 49

REACH: Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Objective : EU regulation to protect human health and environment. Will impact: - chemical elements (natural or obtained by manufacturing), their compounds, substances containing them. all New way of doing Business = Reversal of the burden of the proof: – Industrials to prove the safe use for each substance. – Major legal liability (criminal, civil, administrative). – Each use not formally authorized is forbidden. – Information to be exchanged throughout the supply chain, to be transmitted to customers and employees “Tool”: European Chemicals Agency – Located Helsinki 50

REACH: Technologies must be into “Green Fields” ETF / Yves Favennec – Solakonferansen 11 09 2012 / 1, v. 0 / 11/09/2012 – 17 h/ © Eurocopter rights reserved Better evaluation of the risks throughout their cycle of life and progressive elimination of the most hazardous substances of which the residual uses will be under authorization. Among 30, 000 substances, 3, 000 declarable ones, ……. of which 300 may have to be replaced. Carcinogenic, mutagenic, toxic to reproduction Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment Business risks: “No data = no market” => potential supply chain disruption 51

Conclusion The "greener helicopter" is not a luxury – More & more a prerequisite of the acceptance of rotorcrafts by the "civilian society" and thus a condition for the operators to increase the scope of their operations. Lost of "greener" is of course a key point: it must not endanger the profitability of the sector. "Green" is one of the 4 research axes of Eurocopter – It must be consistent with the 3 other ones: § Safety § Cost reduction § Extension of the fields of use Eurocopter is investing in a consolidated matter in these directions to propose to its customers, products even more adapted to the needs of tomorrow 52