Eurasian Cultural Traditions 500 BCE to 500 CE
Eurasian Cultural Traditions 500 BCE to 500 CE Chapter 5 AP World History Notes “China and the Search for Order”
The State of China £ Chaos £Growing violence £Disharmony and disunity £“Age of Warring States” £These issues led many to find solutions to China’s problems
The Legalist Answer £Founder of Legalism = Han Fei £Legalists viewed humans as inherently stupid and immoral £Legalists believed in rules and laws that were strict, clearly spelled out, and enforced through a system of rewards and punishments
The Legalist Answer £ Legalism = used by Emperor Qin Shihuangdi during the Qin Dynasty to restore unity and order to China
The Confucian Answer £Confucius = from an aristocratic family in northern China £Became a teacher £Believed in ethics = good conduct and moral judgment
The Analects £ A short book of the teachings of Confucius £Compiled by his students after his death
The Confucian Answer £ The moral example of superiors £ Relied on unequal relationships within society ¤Ruler over subject ¤Parent over child ¤Husband over wife ¤Old over young
Emphasis on Filial Piety £Filial piety = respect for one’s elders and ancestors
Civil Service Exams £ Confucianism = incorporated into China’s civil service exams during the Han Dynasty £ Chinese men had to apply Confucian values to specific situations in these tests
The Daoist Answer £ Founder = Laozi £Focus of Daoism = living in harmony with nature £Urges withdrawal from society and entrance into a world of nature
The Dao £“The Way” £Universal force that guides all things
Yin and Yang £ 2 opposing forces present in all of nature £ YIN = cool, dark, female, submissive £ YANG = warm, light, male, aggressive
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