Eukaryotic Cell Organelles Structure Function Its a small

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Eukaryotic Cell Organelles Structure & Function It’s a small, world…

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles Structure & Function It’s a small, world…

The Big Picture

The Big Picture

All Different Shapes and Sizes! l Eukaryotic cells are everywhere!

All Different Shapes and Sizes! l Eukaryotic cells are everywhere!

Cytoplasm l Comprised l of the cell organelles Semi-fluid: 70 -90% water l Found

Cytoplasm l Comprised l of the cell organelles Semi-fluid: 70 -90% water l Found all over the cell l Contained by the cell membrane

Ribosomes l Site of protein synthesis l Can either be free in cytoplasm or

Ribosomes l Site of protein synthesis l Can either be free in cytoplasm or attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum l Makes and transports proteins l Covered with ribosomes (therefore rough

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum l Makes and transports proteins l Covered with ribosomes (therefore rough ER)

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum l Numerous functions including synthesis of lipids and steroids l Lacks

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum l Numerous functions including synthesis of lipids and steroids l Lacks ribosomes

Golgi Apparatus l Consists of closely layered stacks of membranes l Modifies, stores, and

Golgi Apparatus l Consists of closely layered stacks of membranes l Modifies, stores, and ships products of the Endoplasmic reticulum (proteins)

Lysosome l Digestive organelle in eukaryotic cells l Defend a cell from invading bacteria

Lysosome l Digestive organelle in eukaryotic cells l Defend a cell from invading bacteria and viruses and break down damaged or worn out cell parts

Centrioles Found in animal cells l Composed of microtubules l Involved in cell division

Centrioles Found in animal cells l Composed of microtubules l Involved in cell division l Used to pull chromosomes apart l

Central Vacuole l. A fluid filled sac used for storage of materials needed by

Central Vacuole l. A fluid filled sac used for storage of materials needed by the cell l Helps with cellular digestion l In plant cells the vacuole usually stores water and ions that are needed in the cell

Cell Wall l Found in plant cells l Provides protection for plant cells l

Cell Wall l Found in plant cells l Provides protection for plant cells l Helps maintain cell shape

“The Colorful” Chloroplast l Found in plant cells (not animal) l Allows plants to

“The Colorful” Chloroplast l Found in plant cells (not animal) l Allows plants to produce food through the process of photosynthesis

“The Colorful” Chloroplast l Contains l the pigment chlorophyll This is what gives plants

“The Colorful” Chloroplast l Contains l the pigment chlorophyll This is what gives plants their green color l Contains a double membrane

“The Mighty” Mitochondria l Supply ENERGY to the cell l They are bean shaped

“The Mighty” Mitochondria l Supply ENERGY to the cell l They are bean shaped and have two membranes

“The Mighty” Mitochondria l Purpose of these two membranes is for an increased surface

“The Mighty” Mitochondria l Purpose of these two membranes is for an increased surface area. l This helps in the production of ATP l Mitochondria have their own ribosomes and DNA!

Cell Membrane l Cells of all organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. It

Cell Membrane l Cells of all organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. It is a thin layer of lipid and protein that separates the cells contents from its environment

Cell Membrane l Function: Controls what enters and exits the cell (the gatekeeper)

Cell Membrane l Function: Controls what enters and exits the cell (the gatekeeper)

Nucleus l Contains most of the cell’s genetic material l Control center for the

Nucleus l Contains most of the cell’s genetic material l Control center for the cell l Surrounded by a double membrane called an nuclear envelope

Nucleus l Contains a nucleolus: a specialized organelle in the nucleus of cells; the

Nucleus l Contains a nucleolus: a specialized organelle in the nucleus of cells; the site of ribosome production.

Cytoskeleton l Fibers that provide structural support for the cell l Helps the cell

Cytoskeleton l Fibers that provide structural support for the cell l Helps the cell move