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EU peníze středním školám Název vzdělávacího materiálu: The United Kingdom Číslo vzdělávacího materiálu: Šablona: Název sady vzdělávacích materiálů: Autor: Datum vytvoření: Garant (kontrola): Ročník: Vzdělávací oblast: Vzdělávací obor: Metodika/anotace: informace. Časový rozvrh: Zdroje: (Možné uvést v závěru) AJ 1 -14 II/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky cizích jazyků na středních školách. Materiály pro přípravu k maturitě Mgr. Michala Nyklesová 6. 6. 2014 Mgr. Jarmila Jurečková oktáva, 4. ročník, septima, sexta Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Anglický jazyk Powerpointová prezentace - maturitní téma The United Kingdom - slovní zásoba a fráze, 40 minut viz. poslední slide Gymnázium Františka Křižíka a základní škola, s. r. o.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Basic facts • Known as the United Kingdom (UK) or simply Britain • Located off the north-western coast of continental Europe, the country occupies the major part of the British Isles archipelago • It has an estimated population of nearly 64 mil. inhabitants, the capital city is London • The national anthem is „God save the queen“ • The official language is English but also Irish, Welsh, Scots languages are recognized • The currency is pound sterling (100 pence) pound sterling • There are many British Overseas Territories (Gibraltar, the Falklands, Bermuda, Cayman Islands) and Crown Dependencies (Channel Islands, Isle of Man)

Names • The British Isles (1) consist of Great Britain, the island of Ireland, and several other smaller islands (the Isle of Man etc. ) • The United Kingdom (2) is a country that includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. • Great Britain (3) is the largest island of the archipelago that consists of three countries: England, Scotland Wales. • England (4)is just a part of the island of Great Britain England (4) 1. 2. 3. 4.

Geography • The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands (the Hebrides, the Orkneys). ebrides, the Orkneys • The UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea in the east, the English Channel in the south and the Irish Sea in the English Channel west. • The countryside is varied with the highest mountains in Wales (Snowdonia Highlands, Ben Nevis 1, 343 m). Snowdonia NP) and Scotland ( NP Nevis • The eastern and southern parts of England are lower and high ground is referred to as hills, downs or heights • The longest river is the Severn (rises in Wales), the Thames, which Thames flows through London, is the second longest. • There are many glacial lakes in Scotland (lochs, Loch Ness) and in lochs, Loch Ness the Lake District in northern England Lake District • The countryside is very green as there are many fields and pastures • The climate is temperate maritime. Winters are milder than they maritime would normally be because of the warming effect of the The Gulf Stream.

Geography

Geography Cliffs of Dover Lake District Ben Nevis Highlands

The flag • The British flag known as the Union Jack represents the three kingdoms of the UK: England Wales (the red cross of St. George), Scotland (the diagonal white cross of St. Andrew) and Northern Ireland (the diagonal red cross of St Patrick). The crosses are on a blue background. The flag in its present form first appeared in 1801.

The flag

Political system • The UK is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy which means it has a parliament and a monarch. At the moment the monarch is Queen Elizabeth II. She is also the Head of Queen Elizabeth II the Protestant Church of England • The parliament of the UK that meets in the Palace of Westminster has two houses - House of Commons (650 of Commons elected members of parliament = MPs) and House of Lords (appointed Lords = bishops, noblemen etc. ) • Prime Minister (David Cameron) is the head of the Prime Minister (David Cameron) government, usually the leader of the winning political party (Conservatives, Labour, Liberal Democrats). Some ministers form also the Cabinet

Political system Westminster Palace David Cameron Queen´s Speech at House of Lords Queen Elizabeth II with her husband

Symbols • Major sports - football, tennis, rugby, golf, boxing, rowing, polo and cricket - originated or were substantially developed in the UK and the states that preceded it (before). • Football Premier League, Wimbledon • Typical British meals are fish and chips, roastbeef with stew vegetables, pudding, sandwiches, marmite (a salty spread made from yeast) • British cuisine has been influenced by immigrants (curry etc. ) • The British are tea-lovers, and they also like beer, cidre, whiskey, coffee.

Symbols Rowing at Oxford Fish and chips Cooked English breakfast Scotch whiskey Polo

Culture • The UK is also famous for many fictitious characters such as the legendary Robin Hood and King Arthur, the spy James Bond (by Ian Fleming, the detective Sherlock Holmes (by A. C. Doyle) and the boy wizard Harry Potter • Other great writers were W. Shakespeare, Ch. Dickens, A. Christie, J. R. R. Tolkien • Various styles of music are popular in the UK - pop, rock, punk, folk (The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Spice Girls, Sex Pistols) • The UK has had a considerable influence on the history of the cinema and media – Ch. Chaplin, A. Hitchcock, BBC

Culture James Bond Sherlock Holmes W. Shakespeare The Rolling Stones

England • Shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. • The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. Isles of Scilly • Divided into counties e. g. Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Devon, Dorset, Essex, Kent, Lincolnshire, Suffolk, West Sussex • English patron saint is Saint George, the rose is Saint George rose the national flower of England (usually red) • The capital is London, other large cities are Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, Sheffield

England – landmarks • • London – different architecture styles London Oxford and Cambridge – the oldest universities Oxford Cambridge Stonehenge - on Salisbury Plain, people began Stonehenge building it about 5, 000 years ago Stratford/Avon- Shakespeare´s birthplace Stratford/Avon. Warwick and Windsor castle Warwick Windsor Bath – Roman spa Bath Hadrian´s Wall – a stone wall barrier built to Wall separate the Romans and the Picts tribes in Scotland 2000 years ago Lake District, District Brighton, Brighton Dover

England – landmarks Brighton Bath Beechy Head Warwick Stonehenge Hadrian´s Wall

Wales • Bordered by England to its east, the Irish Sea to its north and west, and the Bristol Channel to its south • Cymru is the Welsh name for Wales, the country Cymru Welsh is bilingual • The whole of Wales was annexed by England in Wales Acts 1535– 1542 • The country has retained a distinct cultural identity – Welsh language, at many international sporting events (FIFA World Cup, Rugby World Cup) Wales has its own national teams • Welsh patron saint is Saint David, the daffodil and daffodil the leek (pórek) are also symbols of Wales leek

Wales - landmarks • The capital is Cardiff – Cardiff castle, Cardiff Bay, Millenium Stadium • Snowdonia National Park with the highest Snowdonia National Park peak Snowdon • Caernarfon Castle – a medieval castle in Caernarfon Castle Gwynedd • Tintern Abbey, Abbey Menai Bridge, Menai Bridge Second Severn Crossing, beaches, mountains

Wales - landmarks Caernafon Castle Second Severn Crossing Leek and daffodil Tintern Abbey Millenium Centre

Scotland • Occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides • The landscape is mountaineous – Highlands with the highest peak of the UK Ben Nevis. Numerous glacial lakes (lochs), rivers and firths (estuary, lowland nearby it) are typical for Scottish countryside • Besides English, scottish Gaellic is also spoken • The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707 when a single Kingdom of Great Britain was created • Scotland has limited self-government within the UK as well as representation in the UK Parliament

Scotland • The country's capital and second-largest city is Edinburgh, it is famous for Edinburgh castle and Edinburgh International Festival • Glasgow is Scotland´s largest city (industry, transport) • The patron saint is Saint Andrew, the national floral emblem is a thistle (= bodlák) • Tartan is a textile pattern that often signifies a Tartan particular Scottish clan, a Scottish kilt (a thick kilt skirt) is made of a tartan • Traditional music instrument are bagpipes, fiddle (= violin), accordion, clarsach (= harp)

Scotland - landmarks Edinburgh The Highlands with Ben Nevis Highlands Loch Ness – famous for the Nessie monster Loch Ness Skara Brae is one of the best preserved Stone Skara Brae Age villages in Europe, located in the Orkneys • Eilean Donan is a small island in Loch Duich, Eilean Donan connected to the mainland by a footbridge, the island is dominated by a picturesque medieval castle • Melrose Abbey, Melrose Abbey Falkirk Wheel, the Isle of Skye, Firth of Forth • •

Scotland - landmarks Firth of Forth Loch Ness Falkirk Wheel Thistle Skara Brae Edinburgh

Northern Ireland • It shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. • Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned between Northern Ireland Southern Ireland by an act of the British parliament. • Problems between the loyalists (British, protestants) and the nationalists (Irish, catholics) resulted in the Troubles (violent conlicts in late 1960´s). The Good Friday Agreement in 1998 was a major step in the peace process. • English, Irish and Ulster Scots are spoken there.

Northern Ireland • The capital is Belfast • Government and cultural organisations in Northern Ireland often use the word "Ulster" Ulster in their title; for example, the University of Ulster, BBC Radio Ulster etc. • Popular landmarks are Belfast (castle, zoo), Belfast Giant´s Causeway (volcanic rock Giant´s Causeway formations), Marble Arch Caves, beaches Marble Arch Caves

Northern Ireland Dunluce Castle Giant´s Causeway Belfast Castle

Let´s speak! • Can you describe some of famous sites in England? Why would you visit them? • Have you ever visited The UK? Speak about your travel. • What are your favourite places in the UK and why? • Who are some famous people from the UK? • What symbols/foods/drinks do you associate with the UK? • Tell us something more specific about each of the four countries. • Plan a week trip to the UK – use a map and speak about particular destinations

Zdroje a odkazy • • • • Slide 4 - http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terminology_of_the_British_Isles Slide 6 - http: //www. worldatlas. com/webimage/countrys/europe/uk. htm, Slide 7 – http: //www. telegraph. co. uk/earthnews/8132801/Lake-District-Norfolk-Broads-and-New-Forest-could-be-lost-due-to-budgetcuts. html, http: //www. astrobio. net/topic/solar-system/mars/missing-mars-mineral-materalizes/, http: //www. cntraveller. com/guides/europe/scotland/scottish-highlands/where-to-stay, http: //www. transcotland. com/b_nevis. htm, Slide 9 - http: //www. wardsbookofdays. com/12 april. htm, Slide 11 - http: //hotpot. free. fr/london/map/07. html, http: //eandt. theiet. org/news/2013/may/queen-speech. cfm, http: //www. thisismoney. co. uk/money/news/article-2321225/Queens-Speech-Businesses-red-tape-National-Insurance-slashed. html, http: //www. livemint. com/Politics/d. Hf. JP 3 azbd 3 w. Wj. BMp. NRm. HJ/David-Cameron-bids-to-boost-investment-and-trade-during-Indi. html, Slide 13 – http: //www. mycookingmagazine. com/the-english-breakfast-a-one-pan-wonder/, http: //rainbowlightfoundation. net/blog/? attachment_id=999, http: //www. pasanellaandson. com/home. php? cat=375, http: //www. sportpolo. com/sport/default. htm, http: //www. theguardian. com/sport/2009/mar/29/rowing-boat-race-oxford-cambridge-university, Slide 15 – http: //moviegoss. com/a-tribute-to-50 -years-of-james-bond/, http: //longplaymiami. wordpress. com/tag/rolling-stones/, http: //theshakespeareblog. com/, http: //ianrichardsonrememberedblogspot. cz/2010/07/not-so-modern-holmes. html, http: //www. thedrum. com/news/2014/03/20/bbc-advertising-account-review, Slide 18 - http: //www. timetravel-britain. com/articles/castles/warwick. shtml, http: //www. theguardian. com/science/2011/jun/20/hadrians-wallroman-britain-refugee-camp, http: //www. telegraph. co. uk/news/uknews/5422061/Man-woman-and-child-found-dead-at-bottom-of-Beachy. Head. html, http: //www. express. co. uk/news/uk/409933/Mission-to-save-Stonehenge-gets-underway-to-reclaim-its-ancient-natural-landscape, vlastní foto z Brightonu a Bath, Slide 20 – http: //www. leftfootforward. org/2013/01/cap-on-benefit-increases-will-do-more-harm-to-wales-than-recession/wales-flag-2/ Slide 21 - http: //www. bbc. co. uk/wales/history/sites/themes/society/castles_caernarfon. shtml, http: //www. paradoxplace. com/Photo%20 Pages/UK/Britain_Centre/Tintern_Abbey. htm, http: //education. gtj. org. uk/en/blowup 1/12273, http: //www. visitwales. com/things-to-do/attractions/castles-heritage/modern-architecture-of-wales, http: //lemill. net/lemill-server/content/webpages/symbols-of-the-uk Slide 25 -http: //www. touropia. com/tourist-attractions-in-scotland/, http: //www. travelgid. info/edinburgh-the-jewel-in-scotlands-crown/, http: //roberthood. net/blog/index. php/2009/08/17/lake-van-monster/, http: //www. glamourmagazine. co. uk/features/health-fitness/2011/01/top 20 -detox-foods#!image-number=9, http: //muzgadgets. blogspot. cz/2010/08/falkirk-wheel. html, http: //infohost. nmt. edu/~armiller/bridgefu. htm, Slide 28 - http: //insideireland. ie/hotel-directory/the-hilton-hotel-belfast/belfast-castle/, http: //www. profissaoviajante. com/en/2011/02/17/carrick-a -rede-e-the-giants-causeway/, http: //www. rbeblog. co. uk/? p=103, www. wikipedia. org www. bridge-online. cz www. northernireland. gov. uk www. naturalengland. org. uk