Ethnicity and Race Part 2 Learning Objectives for

Ethnicity and Race Part 2

Learning Objectives for Ethnicity and Race Unit 1. Distinguish between race and ethnicity and the concept of what is means to be a member of an ethnic group. 2. Analyze historical and contemporary attempts to classify humans into distinct ‘racial’ categories 3. Assess the importance of geography in examining & explaining patterns of human biological variation 4. Differentiate between prejudice and discrimination. 5. Differentiate between ethnocentrism and bias. 6. Identify how race is socially constructed by different cultures. 7. Apply types of ethnic interactions to classify past and contemporary events.

Ethnicity and Race, Part 2 Outline of Lecture Cross-Country View of Race US, Japan & Brazil Fish’s article on Brazil Journal Entry Assignment, Part 3 Terms associated with Ethnicity Ethnic Tolerance & Conflict

Social Construction of Race: United States Descent: _______________ Can an individual’s social identity be diverse? What is ancestry? Does an individual define their descent, or is social identity assigned socially?

Social Construction of Race: United States Hypodescent: What does this mean? When do you think this categorized of people started? What social implications does this concept have?

Social Construction of Race: United States Hypodescent

Social Construction of Race: United States Hypodescent In the US, socially constructed race is fixed at birth Michelle Obama Dolphus T. Shields, Son of a slave: M. Obama’s great-great grandfather

Social Construction of Race: United States US Census Started gathering demographic data in 1790

Social Construction of Race: Japan Initial thoughts on Japan with respect to (social) race? Diverse, uniform? Majority group – _________ 1. 2. 3.

Social Construction of Race: Japan Minority groups have a ____ Examle: _____

Social Construction of Race: Japan _____

Social Construction of Race: Brazil Which country colonized Brazil? Did Brazil have slavery? Yes, African slaves.

Social Construction of Race: Brazil ‘Race’ is _______ Over _________ Based on: 1. 2. 3.

Journal Entry Assignment Part 3: Response blog to Fish’s ‘Mixed Blood’ article Article available on course website

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Nation: Previously synonymous ______________ State: Nation and state are ________

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Nation-State: Multi-ethnic communities: Decreasing ______________ Differences across the globe

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Bushman of Botswana

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Nationality:

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Kurdistan

Terms Associated with Ethnicity Impact of Colonialism _________________ Berlin Conference (1884 -1885) Occurred during the New Imperialism period Also called the ____________ Results

Results & Consequences

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance Assimilation: __________ Forced Assimilation Example: Passive Assimilation ___________

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance Assimilation may not occur – what happens then? Plural societies Interdependent economical niches

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance Multiculturalism Opposite of ___________ Cultural diversity is __________ traditions Dominant (national) culture & _____

Important Terms 1. 2. 3.

Ethnic Conflicts Described as _____________ Tangled web – interconnected and multidimensional __________________________ Political, socio-cultural, military, religious, legal, ecological, and other factors Manifestations can include violence, war, and ‘ethnic cleansing’

Ethnic Conflict Example: ____________ 1) 2) 3) 4) Note: Terrorist groups are generally separate from the actual conflict. They may contribute to the conflict BUT in many instances the conflict was present prior to these groups developing in, or entering, the region.

Ethnic Conflict & Colonial Legacy Cultural Colonialism ____________________ Altered ________________

Genocide Crime of Genocide was outlined in the International Law in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (1948): “Genocide is a crime of intentional destruction of a national, ethnic, racial and religious group, in whole or in part. ” Other acts associated with genocide are punishable including incitement of genocide and complicity in genocide

Genocide – A Global Perspective Examples of genocide? Why do you think some genocides are associated with wars while others are not? What do you believe is the role of the international community with respect to a genocidal situation?

Genocide: Bosnian Refugees Background: 1991: Bosnia declared sovereignty Bosnian Serb minority boycotted referendum wanted to create a Serb-only republic

Genocide: Bosnian Refugees Conflict Background: Fighting lasted for three years Over 2 million displaced refugees Where did they go?

Tomorrow’s Agenda Ethnicity and Race in the News Find a newspaper story or news media story on ethnicity or (social) race Bring a hard-copy to class tomorrow Group work: Be prepared to analyze which type(s) of ethnic interaction the story is depicting (See ‘Recap 6. 2’ on page 147 of Kottak’s book)