Ethical Mapping in Open Street Map Dr Christian

Open. Street. Map freely available geographic database volunteered geographic information (VGI) ‘hacker cartography’ (Mc.

Ground Truthing – Different Aims completeness individuality Source: OSM 2017 Dr. Christian Bittner, U

Ground Truthing - Limits ‘We map what’s on the ground!’ Source: Express 2012 Source:

Ethical Inquiry #1: ‘Dangerous’ Routes Favela Costa Barros Rio de Janeiro problem caused by

Ethical Inquiry #2: Secret Places (of Authorities) seen as public (open) infrastructure private data

Ethical Inquiry #3: Secret Places (of Private Entities) consensus: places where people are in

Ethical Inquiry #4: Secret Places (of Natural Entities) dispute over deletion of cave entry

Contemplation mappers advocate against moral rules but for ‘common sense’ mappers think that they

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Ethical Mapping in Open. Street. Map? Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U Data Power Conference, Carleton U, 23 June 2017

Open. Street. Map freely available geographic database volunteered geographic information (VGI) ‘hacker cartography’ (Mc. Conchie 2015) ground truthing Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U

Ground Truthing – Different Aims completeness individuality Source: OSM 2017 Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U

Ground Truthing - Limits ‘We map what’s on the ground!’ Source: Express 2012 Source: Daily Mail 2013 Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U

Ethical Inquiry #1: ‘Dangerous’ Routes Favela Costa Barros Rio de Janeiro problem caused by routing disputed proposition: tag ‘access=destination’ proposed tag: ‘hazard’ solution: include external sources in the ‘hazard’ tag ⇨ objectivity of data Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U Source: OSM 2017

Ethical Inquiry #2: Secret Places (of Authorities) seen as public (open) infrastructure private data centres only mapped, if public info is available ⇨ privacy of personal /business data Data Centre of the US National Security Agency, Utah Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U Source: OSM 2017

Ethical Inquiry #3: Secret Places (of Private Entities) consensus: places where people are in concrete danger are not mapped (e. g. women’s shelter) Refugee Shelter Berlin, Germany dispute over refugee homes solution: new tag ‘social_facility’ ⇨ concrete danger is taken into account Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U Source: Wikipedia 2017 (fridolin freudenfett [Peter Kuley])

Ethical Inquiry #4: Secret Places (of Natural Entities) dispute over deletion of cave entry Cave entrance ‘Riesending’ legal access restriction to cave environmentalists’ call for restraint in mapping natural heritage ‘Protection through concealment never worked’ vs. ‘We have to take into account the ease of access through OSM’ ⇨ unsolved, but tendency of valuing local spatial knowledge Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U Source: Wikipedia 2017 (Bayerisches Rotes Kreuz, Kreisverband Berchtesgadener Land)

Contemplation mappers advocate against moral rules but for ‘common sense’ mappers think that they should be responsible for their entries, but not legally accountable only concrete dangers, not abstract dangers taken into account privacy of personal/business data taken seriously Dr. Christian Bittner, U Erlangen, Germany & Dr. Tim Elrick, Mc. Gill U