Establishment of BUSM and Affiliated Hospitals on the

Establishment of BUSM and Affiliated Hospitals on the Medical Campus 1848 New England Female Medical College founded 1855 Mass. Homeopathic Hospital founded (1918 Mass. Memorial Hosp. ; 1965 University Hosp. ) 1866 Boston City Hospital founded 1873 NEFMC merges with BU to become Boston University School of Medicine

New England Female Medical College Becomes BUSM 1873 Group of 7 MD’s led by Israel Tisdale Talbot expulsed from Mass. Med. Soc. for practicing homeopathy 1873 Talbot negotiates transfer of NEFMC to Boston University 1873 Talbot appointed Dean, BUSM (tenure 1873 -1897) 1886 BUSM students allowed to train at BCH under supervision of “regular” physicians 1918 BUSM drops association with homeopathy 1930 BU Medical Service is established at BCH

Robert Dawson Evans

The Bequest of Maria Antoinette Evans 1910 Original gift to fund first building (opened 3/6/1912) 1912 $60, 000 for endowment 1913 $100, 00 added to endowment 1918 Securities of unspecified value added on Mrs. Evans’ death

Mrs. Evans’ Vision Regarding her Bequests • The Evans Department of Clinical Research should combine clinical research, research training, and public education • Clinical research, clinical care, and teaching should be closely interrelated • Hospital beds for patient care should be directed by researchers • Laboratories should be restricted to research activities

Directors of the Evans Memorial Frank C. Richardson Henry M. Pollock Allan Rowe Reginald Fitz 1912 - 1919 1918 - 1930 - 1934 - 1939 Chester S. Keefer 1939 - 1961 Robert W. Wilkins Norman G. Levinsky Joseph Loscalzo Thomas Moore (ad interim) David Coleman 1962 - 1972 - 1997 - 2005 - 2006 - present

Chester Keefer, M. D.

Evans 1 1912 Evans 2 1942 Evans 3 1971

Dr. Chester Keefer’s Core Faculty Robert Wilkins, M. D. – Hypertension/Cardiology Franz Ingelfinger, M. D. – Gastrointestinal Diseases Charles Burnett, M. D. – Metabolic Diseases Francis Lowell, M. D. – Pulmonary Diseases Louis Weinstein, M. D. – Infectious Diseases Joseph Ross, M. D. – Radioisotopes Arnold Relman, M. D. – Renal Diseases Charles Emerson, M. D. – Hematology

Hollander W, Wilkins RW. Chlorothiazide: a new type of drug for the treatment of arterial hypertension. Boston Medical Quarterly 1957; 8(3): 69 -75. Wilkins RW, Hollander W, Chobanian AV. Chlorothiazide in hypertension. Studies on its mode of action. Annals NY Acad Sci 1958; 71: 473. Freis ED, Wilson, IM. Potentiating effect of chlorothiazide (Diuril) in combination with antihypertensive agents. Preliminary report. Med Assoc District of Columbia 1957; 26: 468. Freis ED. Chlorothiazide in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Ann NY Acad Sci 1958; 71: 450.

Selected Faculty Appointments during the Wilkins Tenure Norman G. Levinsky, M. D. Edward A. Alexander, M. D. Jay D. Coffman, M. D. Edgar M. Cathcart, M. D. Alan S. Cohen, M. D. Sidney Cooperband, M. D. Thomas R. Dawber, M. D. Robert Levin, M. D. Robert Donaldson, M. D. Roger Lester, M. D. Jacob Lemman, Jr. , M. D. Judith Vaitukaitis, M. D. James Melby, M. D. Leah Lowenstein, M. D. Thomas Ryan, M. D. Donald Small, M. D. Gordon Snider, M. D. Louis Sullivan, M. D. Herbert Teager, M. D. Aram V. Chobanian, M. D.

Special Article Annual Discourse – The Boston City Hospital: A Tale of Three “Cities” Ephraim Friedman, M. D. New England Journal of Medicine 1973; 289: 503 -506

Boston VA and BU Medical Service • Affiliation of VA with BUSM, HMS and TUSM in 1952 • Merger of VA facilities in 1998 to create Boston VA Health Care System. • The VA is a key institution for the education of BUSM medical students and residents and helps support more than 100 BUSM faculty. • Major BUSM research programs exist currently at the VA

Payor Mix for Boston Medical Center (1996 projected) Payment Sources BCH BUMCH New BMC Medicare 15% 44% 29% Medicaid 27% 8% 18% BC/BS 2% 13% 7% HMO 9% 16% 12% Other commercial 4% 9% 7% Self-pay and others 43% 8% 27%

Growth of Faculty in the Evans Department of Medicine

Professors, Department of Medicine Edward Alexander, MD Deborah Cotton, MD Alice Jacobs, MD Richard Saitz, MD Karen Antman, MD William Cruickshank, Ph. D Michael Klein, MD David Salant, MD Caroline Apovian, MD Ravin Davidoff, MBBCh Bernard Kreger , MD Jeffrey Samet, MD Gary Balady, MD R. Curtis Ellison, MD Nancy Kressin, Ph. D Vaishali Sanchorawala, MD Clinton Baldwin, Ph. D Jerrold Ellner, MD Robert Lafyatis, MD Paul Schroy, MD Emelia Benjamin, MD L. Jack Faling, MD Adam Lerner, MD John Schwartz, MD Jeffrey Berman, MD Harrison Farber , MD Robert Levin, MD David Seldin, MD, Ph. D John Bernardo , MD Francis Farraye, MD Robert Levine, MD Rebecca Silliman, MD, Ph. D Shalender Bhasin, MD Lindsay Farrer, Ph. D Sharon Levine, MD Robert Simms, MD Victoria Bolotina, Ph. D David Felson, MD Chang-seng Liang, MD, Ph. D Martha Skinner, MD Lewis Braverman , MD Alan Fine, MD Joseph Mizgerd, Sc. D Avrum Spira, MD Jerome Brody, MD Susan Fried, Ph. D Thomas Moore, MD Martin Steinberg, MD Wellington Cardoso, MD, Ph. D Robert Friedman, MD John Murphy, Ph. D Maria Trojanowska, Ph. D Phyllis Carr, MD Irene Gavras, MD George O‘Connor, MD Joseph Vita, MD Joel Caslowitz, MD Haralambos Gavras, MD Jay Orlander, MD Kenneth Walsh, Ph. D Tai Chen, Ph. D Caroline Genco, Ph. D Thomas Perls, MD Donald Weiner, MD Aram Chobanian, MD Jianlin Gong, Ph. D Susan Perrine-Faller, MD Lewis Weintraub, MD Hyon Choi, MD, DPH Kevan Hartshorn, MD Vasan Ramachandran, MD Lee Wetzler, MD David Chui, MD Victora Herrera, MD Katya Ravid, Ph. D Robert Witzburg, MD Richard Cohen, MD Warren Hershman, MD Rahul Ray, Ph. D Vassilis Zannis, Ph. D David Coleman, MD Michael Holick, MD, Ph. D Sayon Roy, Ph. D Yuging Zhang, DSc Wilson Colucci , MD Tien Hsu, Ph. D Neil Ruderman, MD, DPhil Barbara Corkey, Ph. D Elaine Hylek, MD Nelson Ruiz-Opazo, Ph. D

Section Chiefs, Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Medicine Hematology/Oncology Wilson S. Colucci, MD David Seldin, MD, Ph. D Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit Hypertension David Felson, MD, MPH Haralambos Gavras, MD Computational Biomedicine Infectious Diseases Avrum Spira, MD Jerrold J. Ellner, MD Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Weight Nephrology Alan Farwell, MD, Interim Section Chief David J. Salant, MD Gastroenterology Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology David Nunes, MD, Interim Section Chief Vasan S. Ramachandran, MD General Internal Medicine Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Jeffrey H. Samet, MD, MPH, David M. Center, MD Genetics Program Rheumatology Lindsay A. Farrer, Ph. D Robert W. Simms, MD Geriatrics Vascular Biology Lisa B. Caruso, MD, MPH, Interim Section Chief Richard A. Cohen, MD Molecular Medicine Herbert T. Cohen, MD