Essential Question What were the causes and consequences

Essential Question What were the causes and consequences of westward expansion?

Chapter 9 Vocabulary Review

Specialization In farming, the raising of one or two crops for sale rather than a variety of foods for personal use.

Telegraph A device for the electrical transmission of coded messages over wires.

Market Revolution The major change in the U. S. economy produced by people’s beginning to buy and sell goods rather than make them for themselves.

Capitalism An economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits.

Forty-niner One of the people who migrated to California in search of riches after gold was discovered in 1848.

Annex To incorporate a territory into an existing political unit, such as a state or a nation.

Manifest Destiny th 19 The century belief that the United States would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory.

Mormons Members of a church founded by Joseph Smith and his associates in 1830.

Entrepreneur A person who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk for a business venture.

Alamo A mission and fort in San Antonio, Texas where Mexican forces massacred Texans in 1836.

Santa Fe Trail A route from Independence, Missouri, to New Mexico, used by traders in the early and mid 1800 s.

Texas Revolution The 1836 rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico.

Land grant A gift of public land to an individual or organization.

Oregon Trail A route from Independence, Missouri, used by pioneers traveling to the Oregon Territory.

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Declared himself the “Napoleon of the West, ” took control of the government About ten years after Mexico won independence in 1821.

Stephen F. Austin In 1821 led the first of several groups of American settlers into the area along the Brazos River area in Mexico.

Joseph Smith Along with five associates established the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in Fayette, New York, in 1830. Moved west to Nauvoo, Illinois.

Brigham Young Moved the Mormon followers westward stopped at the Great Salt Lake in 1847.

Free Enterprise A system that recognizes the right to own private property, to undertake private business activities, and to make profit from them.

Sam Houston Defeated Santa at the Battle of San Jacinto.