ESSENTIAL QUESTION How can interaction between cultures both

ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How can interaction between cultures both benefit and impair the advancement of a civilization? Monday – March �Pick up your reviews! �Happy St. Patrick’s Day �Test Wednesday �Weekends? ! �Agenda � Refresher/notes – Sections 2 and 3 � Review EQ’s � Crash Course: Russia � Start on reviews th 17 , 2014

Review questions in notes!

ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How does the interaction between the Byzantine, Russian, and Turkish civilizations impact the development of diverse cultures Chapter 11 Section 2 The Russian Empire

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the Mongols conquer and rule Russia? How did Russia rise to independence? What influence did the Byzantine have on Russia? Setting the Stage �MAIN IDEA: Russia grew out of a blending of Slavic and Byzantine cultures and adopted Eastern Orthodox traditions. �WHY IT MATTERS NOW: Early Russia was separated from the West, leading to a difference in culture that still exists today.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the Mongols conquer and rule Russia? How did Russia rise to independence? What influence did the Byzantine have on Russia? Russia’s Birth �Emergence of Russian Culture �Byzantium trades with Slavs— groups living north of Black Sea �Eventually Slavic and Greek traditions produce Russian culture �Geography of Russia �Russian territory: west of Ural Mountains, Black Sea to Baltic Sea �Forests in north, hilly grasslands in south; three great rivers

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the Mongols conquer and rule Russia? How did Russia rise to independence? What influence did the Byzantine have on Russia? Russia’s Birth �Slavs and Vikings �In 800 s, Vikings settle among Slavs; move to Kiev �Vikings and Slavs mix cultures, become one �Kiev Becomes Orthodox �Princess Olga of Kiev visits Constantinople; converts to Christianity �Her grandson, Vladimir, becomes leader of Kiev around 980 �In 989, Vladimir has all Kiev citizens baptized in Dnieper River �Beliefs and traditions of Orthodox Christianity flourish in Kiev

Kiev’s Power and Decline �Kievan Russia �Vladimir expands Russia into Poland, and north to Baltic Sea �Vladimir’s son, Yaroslav the Wise, rules Kiev in 1019 �Forges alliances, creates legal code, builds churches �Kiev’s Decline �Yaroslav divides realm between his sons; causes civil war �Kiev’s commerce is further weakened by the Crusades �The Crusades—clash between Christians and Muslims over Holy Lands

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the Mongols conquer and rule Russia? How did Russia rise to independence? What influence did the Byzantine have on Russia? Mongol Invasion �The Mongols �Mongols, nomads from central Asia, begin conquests in early 1200 s �Kiev falls in 1240 to Genghis Khan’s grandson, Batu Khan �Mongols rule much of Russia for the next 200 years �Mongol Rule in Russia �Mongols give Russians many freedoms, but demand obedience, tribute �Russian nobles such as Alexander Nevsky support Mongols �Mongol rule isolates Russia from rest of Europe

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the Mongols conquer and rule Russia? How did Russia rise to independence? What influence did the Byzantine have on Russia? Russia Breaks Free � The Rise of Moscow � Moscow founded in 1100 s—located near Russia’s three main rivers � Moscow’s Powerful Princes � Moscow’s princes grow strong under Mongol rule throughout the 1300 s � An Empire Emerges � Late 1400 s Ivan III becomes prince of Moscow; challenges Mongol rule � Takes the name czar, Russian for “Caesar”, and vows to restore Russia � Russian and Mongol armies face off at Ugra River in 1480 � Both armies retreat and Russia gains freedom from Mongol rule

�http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=etm. RI 2_9 Q_A&fe ature=relmfu The Mongols, led by Genghis Khan, • a. brought much of the Eurasian landmass under a single rule, creating the largest land empire in history. • b. used tactics that were especially effective in tropical and hilly regions. • c. conquered the islands of Java and Sumatra, which had repulsed several previous Chinese attacks. • d. defeated every army that challenged them, except for

Open Books – Page 310 �ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How can interaction between cultures both benefit and impair the advancement of a civilization? What other “peoples” did Russia interact with? How did they interact? How did that impact Russia?