ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS OF METABOLISM CHAPTER 5 1 Metabolism

ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS OF METABOLISM CHAPTER 5 1

Metabolism Anabolism n Catabolism n 2

Energy Capture n Oxidation n Reduction n Redox + + e- -------> NADH NAD Oxidized form Reduced form 3

Metabolic Lifestyles — Autotrophy n Photoautotroph n Chemoautotroph 4

Metabolic Lifestyles — Heterotrophy n Photoheterotroph n Chemoheterotroph 5

Metabolic Lifestyles Summary 6

Enzymes n Role n Structure 7

Enzyme Sites n Active Site 8

Enzyme Inhibition n Competitive 9

Enzyme Inhibition n Non-competitive 10

Allosteric Site 11

Reaction Rate Influences n Temperature 12

Reaction Rate Influences n p. H 13

Enzyme Reaction Rates n Enzyme concentration n Reactant concentration n Product concentration 14

Le. Chatlier’s Principle and the Bio. Chemical Pathway A+B C+D Want to go forward? Increase concentration of A + B or Decrease concentration of C + D 15

Anaerobic metabolism n Glycolysis 16

Anaerobic Pathways n Alternatives n Fermentation 17

Emden-Meyerhoff Standard glycolysis 18

Entner-Douderoff pathway 19

Aerobic Metabolism n Krebs Cycle (aka. TCA cycle, citric acid cycle) 20

Krebs cycle 21

Electron Transport Chain 22

Electron Transport Chain 23

Chemiosmosis 24

Anaerobic Respiration n Final electron acceptor differences 25

Fat Catabolism n Glycerol n Fatty Acids 26

Protein Catabolism n Deamination n Carbon skeleton usage 27

Protein anabolism (amino acid synthesis) Precursors off of Krebs cycle 28

Photosynthesis 29

Photosynthesis 30

Photosynthesis 31

Other Metabolic Processes n n n Photoheterotrophy Light as energy Chemoautotrophy HNO 2 as energy (Rhodopseudomonas) carbohydrates as carbon source (Nitrobacter) CO 2 as carbon source 32

Uses Of Energy n Biosynthesis n Membrane Transport n Movement Active transport/antiport ATP to drive flagella or cilia 33

Bioluminescence n Microbial Source 34