ESA THIRD PARTY MISSIONS TPM Objectives of the

ESA THIRD PARTY MISSIONS (TPM) - Objectives of the ESA TPM scheme - How it works - Status 2006 and plans - TPM Data access - Sci. Sat/ACE & OCO Bianca Hoersch 8. May 2006, Atmospheric Science Conference Third Party Mission Manager

Objectives

OUR MANDATE ESA Earth Observation Data EO Data User Interface and Support European Users European Ground Segment Facilities Non-ESA/Third Party Earth Observation Data Worldwide Users Complement ESA mission data Increase coverage/continue: geo/revisit/resolution/spectral

EO Missions handled by EOP Since 1990 1977 2000 2004 2010 Earthnet: European access to non-ESA missions: Landsat, Sea. Wifs, NOAA, JERS, MODIS, ALOS, Proba, Bird, Scisat. . . METEOSAT M-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 European users Meteo METEOSAT Second Generation MSG-1, -2, -3 in cooperation with EUMETSAT METOP-1, -2, -3 Cryo. Sat (Polar Ice Monitoring) GOCE Earth Explorers (Gravity and Ocean Circulation Explorer) ADM/Aeolus Science to better understand the Earth SMOS Earthcare ERS-1, -2 ENVISAT Earth Watch SWARM Systems part of Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES), in cooperation with EC Applications Services to initiate long term monitoring systems and services

TPM Definition A TPM is a mission • that is operated by any legal body, governmental or non-governmental entity other than ESA or • for which ESA assumes some formal responsibility towards the mission operator or to which ESA contributes financially, usually through sharing of Ground Segment facilities or operations cost • for which ESA assumes a data distribution responsibility, mainly towards European Scientific User Community

TPM Objectives • Serve European users with non-ESA/ non-European data & establish or improve access conditions to data from non-ESA missions • Building the Scientific User Community and competency in Europe in consultation with Member States • Synergistic use and joint exploitation of ESA and TPM data (e. g. crosscalibrate/validate) • Prepare new and complements existing ESA Earth Observation Missions Ground Segment co-operation with National and Third Party Missions

How it works

TPM Data Access: Approach Today Data Access Agreements User Agreements Use - Compensation TPM 1 Cat-2 TPM 3 Cat-1 Single none Bulk Purchase Agreement for different GS data Dev, Cat-1 Operat. use TPM. n EE X Declaration Cat-1, 2 ESA Data Policy TPM 2 TPM 4 Scienc e user Data Exchange T&C Cat-1 Cat-2 Same User contract access conditions for different ESA and TPM Data DE Comm. user

Advantage for YOU § One stop shop § No need to worry about licenses, copyrights, IPR with data distributors § Coherent data acquisition / planning scenarios § Possibly cheaper/re-use of datasets § Harmonized data access infrastructure and tools § Long-term sustainability/Archives of data

Criteria for Selection of Third Party Missions TP-1 European User benefits and excellence Uniqueness, Variety of applications, Complementarity/ Value-adding, Continuity/ Innovation, Demand from Projects (Science, GMES/GSE, DUE, EOMD etc. ) TP-2 Accessibility a) If not selected TPM (Conditions for data access by single User, restrictions etc. ) b) If selected TPM (Conditions for data access through ESA, Data Policy etc. ) TP-3 Cost/Investment Fees & Investment in ESA GS and Operations, User Services etc. TP-4 Data Policy/Strategic/Programmatic Conformity with ESA EO Strategy, Spin-off and synergy for ESA products, Contingency, International co-operation, Duration of ESA commitment etc.

Selection Procedure • Each year starting in summer at latest, ESA collects input = missions for selection • Proposals can come from – ESA Member State Delegations – Third Party Mission Operators – YOU! = User community • Technical Report and Evaluation during Aug-Sep including ground segment sharing approach/definition of ESA involvement • Proposal to ESA Member States in Oct/Nov for funding of activities = Third Party Mission Candidate Report to PB-EO GET INVOLVED in the selection process and formulate your requirements

Status 2006 and plans

Historic/Long Operational TP Missions – Data availability

New Missions and data – Data availability Data exchange Sharing GS operations Open in http: //eopi. esa. int/IRS-P 6 Will open from May/June AO closed, regular Cat-1 will open from July Provide European GS

Future TPMs - Cat-1 Agreements Under preparation DMC Formosat-2 Cat-1 Agreement discussed / GS sharing For GMES use : being NATIONAL, EUMETSAT & OTHER TPMs Nationalexpected for Cat-1 Agreement/ GS sharing Proposal • SPOT-4, SPOT-5 Cat-1 principles agreed – pending finalisation of Attitude control • Terra. SAR-X • Cosmo Skymed Joint Cat-1 AO/Mission planning preparation for issue early 2007 • Radarsat-2; Follow-on (TBC) • Pleiades Proposal discussed for Cat-1 data for Ground Segment sharing • BIRD Proposal • Alti. Ka received CBERS Brasil agreed, China under discussion, ~Q 2 -3/06 Top. Sat BIRD Terra. Sar-X (Oct 06) RAPIDEYE (mid 07) OCO (Sep 08) Radarsat-2 (Dec 06) EUMETSAT Principles agreed; Agreement to be set up in 2006 • Jason, Jason-2 • Meteosat, MSG; MTG Thematic AO under discussion, e. g. IPY • Met. Op; Post-EPS Oceansat-2 Otherdiscussions Third Party Missions might be Initial • DMC-UK To be discussed in ESA-ISRO Agreement Review 2006 • Rapid. Eye • Top. Sat To be discussed in ESA-ISRO Agreement Review 2006 Monitor-E, Resurs-DK TBD with Roscosmos THEOS (mid 2008) Cartosat HY-1 series, HJ-1 const. For extended discussions with China/CNSA after CBERS

TPM Data access

Access to TPM data http: //eopi. esa. int

Access to TPM data

Access to TPM data

Mission information http: //earth. esa. int/missions/thirdpartymission/index. html

Product information http: //earth. esa. int/services/pg/

EOLI: on-line multi-mission Catalogue Available at http: //eoli. esa. int Yesterday

Scisat/ACE & OCO

Scisat/ACE as Third Party Mission Science Satellite/Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment

Scisat/ACE – Instruments • Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) operating between 2 and 13 microns with a resolution of 0. 02 cm-1 • 2 -channel visible/near infrared Imagers, operating at 0. 525 and 1. 02 microns (cf. , SAGE II) • Suntracker keeps the instruments pointed at the sun’s radiometric center. • UV / Visible spectrometer (MAESTRO) 0. 285 to 1. 03 microns, resolution ~1 -2 nm • Startracker

Scisat/ACE – Ground Segment support Svalbard ESA and national Acquisition Stations Tromso Scisat Online archive for user access Kiruna West Freugh Dundee Neustreltz Redu Oberpfaffenhofen Toulouse Villafranca ESRIN Matera FTS Level 2 V 1. 0 FTS Level 2 V 2. 2 MAESTRO Level 2 V 1. 1 Maspalomas

OCO – Orbiting Carbon Observatory Measuring CO 2 from Space: The Orbiting Carbon Observatory Provided by David Crisp, OCO PI http: //oco. jpl. nasa. gov JPL/Caltech May 2006

Outstanding Questions • Where are the sinks that are absorbing almost 50% of the CO 2 that we emit? – Land or ocean? – Eurasia/North America? • Why does CO 2 buildup vary dramatically with nearly uniform emissions? • How will CO 2 sinks respond to climate change? Courtesy: D. Crisp

OCO – Orbiting Carbon Observatory • Earth Observing System (EOS) Exploratory Measurements (ESSP) • Launch ~Q 3/2008 Science Goals • Collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) with the precision, resolution and coverage needed to improve our understanding of the geographic distribution of CO 2 sources and sinks (surface fluxes) and the processes controlling their variability over the seasonal cycle • Validate a passive spectroscopic measurement approach and analysis concept that is well suited for future systematic CO 2 monitoring missions.

OCO – Instruments • A single instrument that incorporates 3 high-resolution grating spectrometers to measure reflected sunlight off the Earth's surface • Simultaneous retrieval algorithm for timedependent estimates of the columnaveraged CO 2 dry air mole fraction (XCO 2) • Comprehensive ground-based validation and correlative measurement program to ensure accuracy of the space-based XCO 2 measurements • Precisions of 0. 3% (1 ppm CO 2) on regional scales • Combination with ground aircraft measurements into source-sink inversion and data assimilation models

OCO Observing Strategy • • Nadir Observations: tracks local nadir – + Small footprint (< 3 km 2) isolates cloud-free scenes and reduces biases from spatial inhomogeneities over land - Low Signal/Noise over dark ocean Glint Observations: views “glint” spot • + Improves Signal/Noise over oceans - More interference from clouds Target Observations – Tracks a stationary surface calibration site to collect large numbers of soundings Data acquisition schedule: • alternate between Nadir and Glint on 16 -day intervals • Acquire ~1 Target observation each day Courtesy: D. Crisp Glint Spot ck ra T d n u Gro Local Nadir

OCO Sampling over a 16 -Day Repeat Cycle Space-based CO 2 column measurements complement surface measurement network. Prevailing Winds • OCO Sampling Rate/Coverage • 12 -24 samples/second collected along track over land ocean OCO • Glint: +75 o SZA 1 -Day • Nadir: +85 o SZA OCO Sampling: Clouds reduce • Longitude resolution 1. 5 o number of usable samples Courtesy: D. Crisp OCO 3 -Days Chevallier et al. 2006

OCO Will Fly in the A-Train Coordinated Observations 1: 18 Cloud. Sat – 3 -D cloud climatology CALIPSO – 3 -D aerosol climatology aerosols, polarization TES – T, P, H 2 O, O 3, CH 4, CO MLS – O 3, H 2 O, CO HIRDLS – T, O 3, H 2 O, CO 2, CH 4 OMI – O 3, aerosol climatology AIRS – T, P, H 2 O, CO 2, CH 4 MODIS – cloud, aerosols, albedo OCO - - CO 2 A-band ps, clouds, aerosols OCO files at the head of the A-Train, 12 minutes ahead of the Aqua platform • 1: 18 PM equator crossing time yields same ground track as AQUA • • • Near noon orbit yields high SNR CO 2 and O 2 measurements in reflected sunlight CO 2 concentrations are near their diurnally-averaged values near noon Maximizes opportunities of coordinated science and calibration activities Courtesy: D. Crisp

OCO – Third Party Mission co-operation • High data rates for processed data 20 -30 Gbyte per day (L 1 B (calibrated geoloc. rad. ) ~18 Gbyte/per day) • ESA to be the European Reference Archive/Data Repository – to support European End-users – AND OCO European Cal/Val Users • Additional support could be LTA (Long-Term Archive) function • Scenario for ESA activities: – Establish and operate data transfer from JPL to European mirror archive – Architecture and principle = NASA archive – Online rolling Archive with 90 days turnover • Temporary internal = used for worldwide Cal/Val PIs to check and approve release of data to • Open archive Easy and fast data access for European user and Cal/Val communities Agreement is under construction with JPL (D. Crisp) /NASA