ERS1 1991 2000 ERS1 A European success 1991

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) ERS-1: A European success 1991 -2000: From an engineering success to the development of sophisticated applications Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1991: The evidence of an engineering achievement Successful commissioning phase All instruments are working nominally, sometimes exceeding the specifications • First low bit rate data: all nominal • First ATSR images: Kuwait on fire • First SAR images: excellent quality Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1992: The start of a scientific success First ERS Symposium: Cannes – Big interest (180 papers, 450 participants) – Confirmation of the quality of the data provided by the instruments q Watching the land q Watching the ice q Watching the seas Frascati - Castelli Scatterometer - Wind speed (July. Romani 1992) (ERS SAR multitemporal) Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1993: The beginning for an increasing number of applications Oil slick: La Coruna (E) (December 92 - January 93) Flooding: Mississipi river during Summer 1993 A major EO milestone: ERS-1 & SAR Interferometry • ERS-1 differential interferometry reaches the cm precision ( «Bonn experiment» ) • Demonstration with Landers earthquake Second ERS Symposium: Hamburg 315 papers, 600 participants ERS-1 + SPOT Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1994: Monitoring the Earth The geodetic mission An unprecedented view of the Earth seafloor From D. T. Sandwell & W. H. F. Smith Directorate of Application Programmes First Pilot Projects Workshop: Toledo paved the way for applications DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1995: The breakthrough of the tandem mission ERS tandem mission (July 1995 - July 1996) DEM with 10 m vertical precision are achievable Second Pilot Projects Workshop: London progressing applications results Directorate of Application Programmes Bachu (China) DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1996: Exploiting the potential of the tandem mission The tandem coherence provides an additional information level for land use studies. ERS tandem A strong complementarity with optical data is recognised. Iceland: Vatnajokull eruption SPOT Fringe Workshop: Zurich the first workshop dedicated to interferometry Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1997: Contributing to the observation of El Nino Temperature anomaly derived from ERS-2 and ERS-1 ATSR data SAR tandem data used to monitor forest fires in Indonesia October 1997 Third ERS Symposium: Florence 420 papers, 700 participants Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1998: ERS-1 still effective Mitch hurricane: ERS-1 together with ERS-2 and Spot satellites provides map of the damages Okmok volcano (Alaska): ERS-1 observes the volcano inflation during the eruption. ERS-1 data regularly used to monitor volcanoes around the world. USGS Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 1999: Exploiting 8 years of ERS-1 archived data Estimated Velocity Field [mm/yr] New sophisticated technique: permanent point scatterers Pomona (California) • allows to monitor submillimetric mouvement of buildings • used for building collapse in Rome and Foggia (Italy) Second Fringe Workshop: Liege Confirmation of the high value of the ERS-1 SAR data archive Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) 2000: The last ERS-1 contribution: assessing the French storm trees damages IGN map (Haguenau forest) SPOT XS image (from archives) The combination of SAR tandem data provides a quick estimate of the amount of tree damages, after the Christmas French storms. ERS tandem coherence before the storm ERS tandem coherence after the storm Damages estimate (coherence gradient in pink tones) Based on Spot Image coherence products SERTIT Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) From the first to the last ERS-1 SAR image 27 July 1991 45200 orbits some 3500 scientists using the data 1. 4 million SAR scenes 7 March 2000 Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma

Alps ERS-1 (1991 -2000) Last acquired ERS-1 SAR data q Acquired on 7 March 2000, at 10: 00 UTC (orbit number 45200) q Images generated with ERS-1 and ERS-2 data, using the technique of interferometry, made popular by ERS-1. q Both images highlight the outstanding data quality of the ERS-1 satellite until its last moments of operation. Tyrrhenian Italy - Tuscan hills (7 -8 March 2000) Generated with the ERS Interferometric Quick Look Directorate of Application Programmes Sea DOSTAG 23 Ma

ERS-1 (1991 -2000) ERS-1: a European success Directorate of Application Programmes DOSTAG 23 Ma