Erosion Types of Weathering Chapter 10 Erosion A

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Erosion, & Types of Weathering Chapter 10

Erosion, & Types of Weathering Chapter 10

Erosion A process where water, wind, or gravity transports soil (sediment) from its source

Erosion A process where water, wind, or gravity transports soil (sediment) from its source

The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces n. There are

The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces n. There are 2 main types, chemical & Physical n Weathering

Mechanical Weathering n The break down of rock into smaller pieces due to physical

Mechanical Weathering n The break down of rock into smaller pieces due to physical means – Frost wedging (water freezing in rock cracks) – Abrasion (other rocks or sediment rubbing against rock. )

Chemical Weathering n Rocks break as a result of a chemical change – Acid

Chemical Weathering n Rocks break as a result of a chemical change – Acid rain – Chemical decomposition – Gases in the air (oxidation)

Deposition n Is the process where material lays to rest n Sediment is deposited

Deposition n Is the process where material lays to rest n Sediment is deposited in bodies of water and on land

Chapter 6 The Rock Record

Chapter 6 The Rock Record

n Sedimentary Rock Layers n This is a normal record of rock. Layers are

n Sedimentary Rock Layers n This is a normal record of rock. Layers are undisturbed. The Geologic Column is a model of what rock layers should look like.

Uniformitarianism n. A principle or rule that states that events that happened in the

Uniformitarianism n. A principle or rule that states that events that happened in the past can be explained by current earth (geologic) processes n Earth Processes like erosion, weathering, and deposition remain uniformed and do not change.

Catastrophism n. A principle that states that geologic changes happen suddenly. (natural disasters) n

Catastrophism n. A principle that states that geologic changes happen suddenly. (natural disasters) n They believed the Earth was only a few thousand years old. n Catastrophic events formed the Earth, created volcanoes, mountains, oceans, etc.

Relative Dating n. Determines which comes first. Determining if rock layers are older or

Relative Dating n. Determines which comes first. Determining if rock layers are older or younger n. Compare them to undisturbed rock around the world

Principle of Superposition A principle or rule that states that younger rocks lie above

Principle of Superposition A principle or rule that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks in un-disturbed sequences n As you move from top of rock layers to the bottom the rock layers get older n

SUPERPOSITION

SUPERPOSITION

Uplift nmovement within the Earth that moves rocks to the surface

Uplift nmovement within the Earth that moves rocks to the surface

Unconformities n Is a disturbance in the layer of a rock. n Represents thousands,

Unconformities n Is a disturbance in the layer of a rock. n Represents thousands, to millions of years in missing time in the layers of a rock n Can be created through: – Erosion and weathering (p 159, figure 4) – Faulting- (earthquakes) – Folding (anticlines, synclines, and monoclines) – Tilting – intrusion

Rock Intrusion n. A layer of molten rock (hardened magma) from the Earth’s interior

Rock Intrusion n. A layer of molten rock (hardened magma) from the Earth’s interior that squeezes into existing rock and then cools. n Melts surrounding layers n Interrupts the rock time scale.

Types of Unconformities n Disconformity – part of a parallel rock layer is missing.

Types of Unconformities n Disconformity – part of a parallel rock layer is missing. (Layers may be eroded away and deposited elsewhere) n Nonconformity- horizontal sedimentary rock layers lay on the eroded surface of intrusive igneous rocks or metamorphic rocks n Angular unconformity- rocks are tilted or folded due to earthquakes or uplift (p 160)

Terms n Erosion n Weathering n Uplift n Deforestation n Mechanical weathering n Chemical

Terms n Erosion n Weathering n Uplift n Deforestation n Mechanical weathering n Chemical weathering n Relative dating n Uniformitarianism n Superposition n Intrusion n Catastrophism n Un-conformity n Strip Mining n Frost Wedging n Abrasion