Erich Maria Remarque June 22 1898 Sept 25

Erich Maria Remarque June 22, 1898 – Sept 25, 1970

Erich Maria Remarque • Born Erich Paul Remark in Osnabrück, Germany June 22, 1898 to Peter and Anna Maria Remark (both originally from French families) • Conscripted into the German army at age 18 • On June 12, 1917, he was sent to the Western Front

On June 26, he was stationed between Torhout and Houthulst, Belgium

On July 31, 1917, he was wounded by shrapnel in the left leg, right arm, and neck, and was repatriated to an army hospital in Germany where he spent the rest of the war

After the war, he held jobs as a teacher, librarian, businessman, journalist, and editor.

When he published All Quiet in 1928, he changed his name to honor his mother and French heritage and to disassociate himself from his earlier published works. Nazi propaganda minister, Joseph Goebbels, banned and publically burned Remarque’s books.

Remarque moved to Switzerland, and the Germans continued to try to decry his writings, claiming his family were French Jews named Kramer, “Remark” spelled backwards. In 1938, his German citizenship was revoked, and in 1939, he and his wife Ilse moved to the United States, where they became naturalized citizens in 1947.

In 1943, Remarque’s sister, Elfriede Scholz, was arrested and found guilty for “undermining morale” for saying she thought WWII was already lost. The court president said "Ihr Bruder ist uns leider entwischt—Sie aber werden uns nicht entwischen" ("Your brother is unfortunately beyond our reach— you, however, will not escape us"). She was beheaded on December 16, 1943, and her sister was sent a bill for 495. 80 Reichsmarks to pay for the prosecution, imprisonment, and execution.

In 1948 he moved back to Switzerland. He was known as a playboy throughout the 1930 s and 1940 s and had relationships with Austrian actress Hedy Lamarr, German-American actress and singer Marlene Dietrich, and in 1958 married the American, Oscar-winning actress Paulette Goddard.

The author of 20 works, he was married to Goddard until his death in Locarno, Switzerland on September 25, 1970. She died in 1990 and was buried next to Remarque. She left a bequest of $20 million to NYU to establish a center for European studies, named The Remarque Institute.

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