Equipment Rollover Susan B Harwood Grant Training Program

Equipment Rollover Susan B. Harwood Grant Training Program Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 1

Equipment Rollover Susan B. Harwood Grant Training Program Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 2

Disclaimer/Usage Notes • Photos shown in this presentation may depict situations that are not in compliance with applicable OSHA requirements. • It is not the intent of the content developers to provide compliancebased training in this presentation, or to train employees how to operate the equipment depicted. The intent is more to address hazard awareness in the construction industry, and to recognize the overlapping hazards present in many construction workplaces. • It should NOT be assumed that the suggestions, comments, or recommendations contained herein constitute a thorough review of the applicable standards, nor should discussion of “issues” or “concerns” be construed as a prioritization of hazards or possible controls. Where opinions (“best practices”) have been expressed, it is important to remember that safety issues in general and construction jobsites specifically will require a great deal of site- or hazard-specificity – a “one size fits all” approach is not recommended, nor will it likely be very effective. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 3

Disclaimer/Usage Notes • No representation is made as to the thoroughness of the presentation, nor to the exact methods of remediation to be taken. It is understood that site conditions vary constantly, and that the developers of this content cannot be held responsible for safety problems they did not address or could not anticipate, nor those which have been discussed herein or during physical presentation. It is the responsibility of the employer, its subcontractors, and its employees to comply with all pertinent rules and regulations in the jurisdiction in which they work. Copies of all OSHA regulations are available from your local OSHA office, and many pertinent regulations and supporting documents have been provided with this presentation in electronic or printed format. This presentation is intended to discuss Federal Regulations only - your individual State requirements may be more stringent. • It is assumed that individuals using this presentation or content to augment their training programs will be “qualified” to do so, and that said presenters will be otherwise prepared to answer questions, solve problems, and discuss issues with their audiences. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 4

Disclaimer/Usage Notes • As a presenter, you should be prepared to discuss all of the potential issues/concerns, or problems inherent in those photos with the students Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 5

Why Require Training? • Operator training is required by: – OSHA – Manufacturers – Clients – Employers Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 6

Why Is Training Needed? • OSHA investigated two fatal accidents in 2005 in southern Colorado involving the rollover of pneumatic rubber-tired roller/compactors Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 7

Accident #1 • May 2005 • Employee was fatally injured while operating a pneumatic rubber-tired roller Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 8

Accident #1 • Roller ran off the road and traveled down a 22 -degree embankment • Rolled over 1½ times, stopped on its top • Operator was thrown from the machine – Fatally crushed between the machine and ground Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 9

Accident #1 • Roller was originally equipped with a ROPS and a seatbelt – Both had been removed prior to the accident Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 10

Accident #2 • August 2005 • Employee was rolling material into the gravel using a pneumatic rubber-tired roller Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 11

Accident #2 • Roller ran off the road and down a 28 degree embankment • Compactor rolled onto its side and came to a stop • Operator was thrown from the machine and fatally crushed • Roller was not provided with a ROPS, operator not wearing a seatbelt Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 12

Summary of Accidents • In both cases, – If the machine had been equipped with a ROPS system, and – If the operator had been wearing a seatbelt, The operator’s survival would have increased significantly Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 13

Additional Accidents • Between 2000 and 2006 • OSHA investigated over 50 rollover incidents Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 14

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 15

Roller Compactor Safety • Always be aware that a rollover hazard exists • ROPS and seatbelts ALWAYS reduce the risk of a fatality • Highest hazard locations were roadway or embankment edges Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 16

Roller Compactor Safety • When operating on uneven surfaces, chances of a rollover increase • Another hazard was runaway machines, typically down slopes • Evaluate roadways and work surfaces for dangerous inclines/declines Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 17

ROPS • A ROPS is a protective frame mounted on the machine and extends above the operator’s seat • ROPS bear the weight of the machine during a rollover event • ROPS minimize the likelihood that the machine will overturn completely Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 18

ROPS • A principle in ROPS design is to restrict the overturn to 90 degrees • ROPS must to be used in combination with a seatbelt • A ROPS only provides protection if the operator remains in the seat Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 19

Roller Compactor Safety • A number of hazards associated with rollovers were pointed out, including: – Working near road edge or embankment was the most hazardous – The second most hazardous were steep slopes and roadway curves – Problems with gear-shifting and brakes resulted in runaways Source: Compactor Overturns and Rollover Protective Structures Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 20

Roller Compactor Safety • Compacting soil appeared to be more hazardous than other operations • Hazards included the soil edges and soft soil pockets that could drop under the weight of the unit. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 21

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 22

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 23

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 24

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 25

Compactor Roller Safety • Loading and unloading machines onto trailers posed a potential overturn hazard • Hazards were caused by – skidding on the ramps, – using wood blocks or planks as ramps, – or a machine that was too narrow to span both sides of the ramp Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 26

What is this in the background? Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 27

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 28

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 29

Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 30

Need for ROPS • Studies show that if the machines involved are equipped with ROPS, and if the operators are wearing seatbelts, the operator’s survival increases significantly Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 31

Regulations • OSHA does not have a standard requiring the use ROPS or seatbelts • OSHA’s position is that the hazard of equipment rollover is a “recognized hazard” within the meaning of the General Duty Clause of the OSH Act Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 32

General Duty Clause (a) Each employer -(1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees; (2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 33

General Duty Clause (b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 34

Other Regulations • 29 CFR 1926. 20(b)(4), states “the employer shall permit only those employees qualified by training or experience to operate equipment and machinery. ” Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 35

Other Regulations • 29 CFR 1926. 21(b)(2), “Safety training and education, ” states further that “the employer shall instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions…. ” Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 36

Compactor Roller Safety • Employers performing construction work are required to ensure that their operators are trained; – To use the equipment properly and – To understand how to recognize those situations and conditions that pose a rollover hazard Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 37

Compactor Roller Safety • For example, operators need to understand that: – Soft edges can cause one side of the equipment to sink and therefore may pose a risk of rollover; – Turning away from a slope with articulated steering can destabilize the compactor; Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 38

Compactor Roller Safety • Improperly inflated tires can destabilize roller/compactors; and • Rain or wet conditions can pose a hazard during unloading and loading • and can increase the possibility of rollovers near embankments as soil conditions become unstable Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 39

Roller Compactor Safety • Leaving a compactor vibrator engaged while stationary has led to the settling of soil on one side of the unit, allowing it to overturn • Articulation of a mobile unit with the jackknife pointed toward an edge presents a substantial overturn hazard Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 40

Roller Compactor Safety • Remember to always think safety, the life you save may be your own • Always use ROPS and seat belts • Now we will review as well as discuss proper procedures for operating your machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 41

Safety is Important • Three reasons Safety is important : – Accidents can cause death or serious injuries, or disability, – Accidents can cost both you, and your employer – With proper training, and with Machine Operators making it their responsibility to work safely, accidents can be prevented Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 42

Safety Alerts • The Safety Alert Symbol is used to; – Identify important safety messages – Alert you to the possibility of injury or death Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 43

Safety Alerts • Follow the instructions in the safety message to prevent injury to yourself or others Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 44

Manufacturer’s Manual • States that you must be qualified and authorized to operate the machine • YOU must – understand the manufacturers instructions – be trained – demonstrate the actual operation of the machine – know the safety rules and regulations Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 45

Signal Words • DANGER - indicates an imminently hazardous situation that will result in death or serious injury • WARNING –indicates a potentially hazardous situation which could result in death or serious injury • CAUTION –indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 46

A Word to the Operator Remember that Safety is up to YOU, only YOU can prevent serious injury or death Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 47

Follow a Safety Program • Protect yourself by wearing the appropriate PPE – Hard hats, safety glasses, hearing protection • WARNING! – Do not wear loose fitting or dangling clothes • Be Careful – Encourage those around you to act safely Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 48

Safe Operation • Drugs or alcohol use can change your alertness or coordination • Consult with your medical advisor if you are taking prescription or over-the-counter medication – Ensure you can safely operate the machine – Check the label for warnings against operating machinery Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 49

Know the Safety Rules • Your employer on the job site will have rules on the properation of equipment • Check with your supervisor or safety coordinator to learn the rules for your job site Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 50

Safety Rules for Compactors • Know how to operate the Machine, and the characteristics of the machine • Never modify or remove part of the machine • Always fasten your seat belt • Keep other workers out of the work area Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 51

Safety Rules for Compactors • Lower the blade and all other hydraulic attachments (if equipped) to ground. – Know the proper shut down procedure for your specific machine as this can vary from different types and models of machines – Remove your key to keep unauthorized people from operating the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 52

Job Site Traffic • You must know the rules covering traffic at your job site, • Understand what the signs, flag signals, and markings mean, • Know what hand, horn, whistle, siren or bell signals mean • Use your lights, turn signals, flashers and horn Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 53

Know Your Equipment • Know how to operate the equipment on your machine • Know the purpose of the controls, gauges, and indicators • Speed range, braking and steering characteristics • Know the turning radius, and operating clearances Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 54

Know Your Equipment • Rain, snow, ice, loose dirt or gravel, soft ground all change the operating capabilities of your machine • Study the DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION signs and decals on your machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 55

Operator’s Manual • Study and know the manufacturer’s operations manual before starting the machine • If there is no manual with the machine – Get One • Ask your supervisor to explain anything that you do not understand Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 56

Operator’s Manual • If your machine is equipped with other devices, – Read the manufacturer’s operating and safety manuals that apply to that equipment BEFORE you use the device Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 57

Preparation for Use • Check the safety equipment – Seat Belt/Operator Restraints – Lights – Safety Signs/Decals – Horn – Back-Up Alarm – Mirrors – First Aid Kit – Fire Extinguisher Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 58

Preparation for Use – Falling Object Protective Structure (FOPS) – Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) WARNING – NEVER remove a FOPS or ROPS structure except for service Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 59

Preparation for Use • Check the machine each day before use – Check for broken, missing or damaged parts – Have necessary repairs made before using – Check Pneumatic tires (if so equipped) for cuts, bulges and correct pressure – Replace badly worn or damaged tires Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 60

Preparation for Use • Check the machine each day before use – Check the service and parking brakes – Perform all maintenance procedures – Check the hydraulic system – Fix any leaks Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 61

Preparation for Use • WARNING – Diesel fuel or hydraulic fluid under pressure can penetrate the skin or eyes and cause serious injury – Never use your hand to find leaks – Wear a face shield or goggles – Use a board or cardboard to find leaks Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 62

Preparation for Use • Check the cooling system WARNING – Allow the radiator to cool before checking the level Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 63

Preparation for Use • Before operating check that the steering frame lock on articulated machines has been removed WARNING – An articulated machine cannot be steered with a steering frame lock in place Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 64

Preparation for Use • If you find an item that needs repair during your daily inspection • report it to your supervisor and tag the machine on the start switch or other location where it will be noticed. • You should never operate a machine that isn’t in safe working condition. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 65

Preparation for Use • Clean up the machine – Windshields – Mirrors – All lights – Steps and holds • Remove personal items from the operators area Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 66

Preparation for Use • Use caution when fueling – Never overfill or spill fuel – Ground the fuel nozzle to the filler neck – Use the correct fuel WARNING – Never fill when the engine is running, and never smoke while fueling up. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 67

Preparation for Use • Know the work area: – Inspect the Conditions of area you will be working for conditions that could be dangerous: – Drop-offs or other obstacles – Holes, obstructions, mud or ice – Heavy traffic – Thick dust, smoke or fog Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 68

Preparation for Use • When operating inside a building know your clearances – Overhead – Doorways – Aisles – Weight limitations of floors and ramps Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 69

Preparation for Use • For Landfill Compactors: • Perform frequent checks for wire or other material wound around the axles and remove them as soon as possible, • Travel with the blade in the low position and, • Make sure you maintain good visibility by keeping windows free of materials that could interfere with visibility. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 70

Preparation for Use • While operating Machine: – Approach intersections with caution – Observe speed limits and traffic signs – Know your stopping distance – Avoid panic stops and sharp turns Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 71

Preparation for Use • While operating Machine: – Stop and clear all railroad crossings – Never park in traffic areas – Use appropriate lights at night – Pull off the road and set up barricades when parking at night Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 72

Preparation for Use • If the machine will be driven over the road – Use hand signals or turn signals when turning Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 73

Starting Safely • Mount the loader safely: – When you get on or off the machine: • Maintain 3 point contact with the steps and holds • Face the machine • Never jump on or off the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 74

Starting Safely • Mount the Roller Compactor safely: – When you get on or off the machine: • Never attempt to mount/dismount a moving machine • Do not use the steering wheel or any control lever as a hand hold Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 75

Starting Safely • Warn personnel before starting: – Before starting, walk completely around the machine • Make sure no one is under the machine servicing it, or close to it • Let other workers know you are starting the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 76

Starting Safely WARNING – Start the machine from the operators seat only Never by-pass neutral-start circuits by jumping the starter terminals The machine may start in gear and injure or kill you or someone else if started in gear Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 77

Starting Safely • Know the starting procedure for your machine: – Sit in the seat and adjust it so you can operate all controls properly – Fasten the seat belt – Engage the parking brake, put controls in neutral Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 78

Starting Safely • Know the starting procedure for your machine: – Familiarize yourself with warning devices, gauges and operating controls – Clear the area of all persons – Start the engine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 79

Starting Safely WARNING – Exhaust fumes can kill • Be positive there is adequate ventilation while operating Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 80

Starting Safely • Jumper cables – Follow instructions on proper use of jumper cables – Operator must remain in seat to control machine – Jump starting is a two-person operation Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 81

Starting Safely • Ether Starting Fluid – Ether is highly flammable and explosive – Read the instructions on the container and in the manufacturer’s manual. – Do NOT use ether if the machine has a preheater Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 82

Starting Safely • After Starting the Engine – Observe gauges, instruments and warning lights – Run an operating check • Do not use a machine that is not in properating condition • It is the OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITY to check the condition of the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 83

Starting Safely • Test the Controls – Make sure the machine is operating correctly – Put machine in neutral, test the engine speed control – Operate each control lever for proper function Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 84

Starting Safely • Test the Controls – Operate the shift controls to ensure forward, neutral and reverse operate correctly – Check the parking and service brake systems – Test steering while moving slowly Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 85

Starting Safely • Test the Controls WARNING – Be certain you can control both speed and direction before moving the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 86

Working Safely • Stay in the operator’s seat at all times • Keep your seat belt fastened when you drive or operate the Roller Compactor • Be in control of your machine at all times • Assure yourself that the work area is clear of other persons • Look and listen for malfunctions • Stop if a malfunction is detected • Do not use the machine as a ram Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 87

Working Safely • Never allow an untrained or unqualified person to operate your machine WARNING – Your Roller Compactor is a one-person machine, NEVER permit riders Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 88

Working Safely • If operating Machine on road make sure you use appropriate warning signs and emblems “Slow moving vehicle” • Look before you back up, and make sure backup horn is working properly • Know the pinch points and rotating parts on the machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 89

Working Safely • Traveling on the job site – Take it slow and easy – Watch out for congested areas – Give the right-of-way to loaded machines – Maintain a safe distance from other machines – Pass cautiously Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 90

Working Safely • Don’t obstruct your vision when traveling • Operate slow enough to have complete control at all times • Travel slowly on rough, slippery ground or hillsides • Avoid operating your machine too close to an overhang, deep ditch, or hole • Always use service and parking brakes carefully Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 91

Working Safely • Stay in gear when traveling downhill, never shift into neutral • Maintain engine RPM to provide steering and braking • Use the same gear traveling down that you would use travel up a hill • Follow manufacturer’s manuals on brake use Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 92

Working Safely • Extreme caution should be used when working along the top of a bank or slope • Keep away from the edge • Always look back when backing up • Be extremely alert in hazardous areas • Always be alert for low branches and dead trees Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 93

Working Safely • Before entering buildings, underpasses, tunnels or bunkers check for hazards or obstructions • Check clearance height • Avoid turning on an incline • Use extreme caution and make the turn wide and SLOW Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 94

Working Safely • When in dust, smoke, or fog use extreme caution • Keep speed to a minimum when visibility is poor Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 95

Working Safely • Keep the work area flat and level if possible • Be aware of potential caving edges and, • Always travel slowly over rough terrain or avoid it and go around it Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 96

Working Safely WARNING – Never enter or allow anyone else to enter the Roller Compactor swing pivot area, • Death or serious injury can result • Always make sure you follow the manufacturer’s recommendations before you operate the Roller Compactor Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 97

Working Safely WARNING – Never operate the controls from the ground • Severe injury or death can result • Always operate the Roller Compactor from the correct operating position Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 98

Working Safely • When operating your Machine on the road: – Know your stopping distance at whatever speed you’re going – NEVER turn corners at high speeds – Always look in all directions before you travel forward or reverse Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 99

Working Safely • Never operate Machine when extremely tired: – Your response time will be slower – Your judgment will be impaired – Remember Safety is your responsibility Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 100

Working Safely Be Aware of : • Trenches that may be to close to your Vibratory Compactor, as it could cause a collapse • Buildings and Light Poles that might be to close to where your Vibratory Compactor is operating as damage may occur • Always be sure workmen and others are far enough away to avoid injury Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 101

Working Safely WARNING – Always remember that regardless of how heavy or stable your machine may feel or appear to you, there is always a chance of a rollover when working on steep slopes Always wear your seatbelt and make sure your ROPS is on your machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 102

Working Safely • Towing over-the-road is not recommended • If your machine must be towed on the job site – Use a rigid tow bar (not a chain or rope) – Never allow anyone to ride on towed machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 103

Loading and Unloading • If the machine is equipped with a ROPS, you must wear the seat belt or restraint when loading or unloading the machine • Follow the procedures recommended by the machine manufacturer for loading and unloading Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 104

Loading and Unloading • Several precautions are applicable to all machines – Know the correct loading and unloading procedure – Load and unload on a level surface – Block the transport vehicle so it cannot move Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 105

Loading and Unloading • Several precautions are applicable to all machines: – Never load or unload the machine by yourself – Keep all people not involved in the loading or unloading process clear – The ramp and trailer must provide adequate traction for loading or unloading machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 106

Loading and Unloading • Several precautions are applicable to all machines: – Use ramps of adequate size and strength, – Proper ramp angle and height – Keep the trailer bed and ramps clear of mud, oil, ice, snow and other slippery materials Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 107

Loading and Unloading • Several precautions are applicable to all machines: – On articulated machines, attach the steering frame lock after loading, remove before unloading – Chain and block machine securely for transport – Keep everyone clear of the area Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 108

Loading and Unloading • Know the overall height and width of the transporter and Roller Compactor combined to avoid overhead and narrow obstructions Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 109

Safety Rules for Compactors • Whenever you park the machine: – Park away from road and traffic, – Park on level, stable ground whenever possible – When it is not possible to park on level ground park the machine at right angles to the slope – Block your machine in both directions, and apply parking brakes Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 110

Park Safely • Safe Shutdown of the machine – Stop the machine – use the service brake – Lower attachments to the ground – Shift controls to neutral/park and lock – Engage parking brake Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 111

Park Safely • • • Idle engine to cool down Stop engine Cycle all hydraulic controls Remove the key, and Shut off the master switch Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 112

Park Safely • Safe Shutdown of the machine: – Maintain three point contact when leaving the machine – NEVER jump off the machine – Be careful of slippery conditions – Block wheels if on a slope or incline Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 113

Maintenance • Do not perform any work on a machine unless you are authorized and qualified to do so • Attach a DO NOT OPERATE tag to the switch if maintenance is needed • Remove the key if the engine should not be started Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 114

Maintenance • Never work on the machine with the engine running • Exhaust fumes are hazardous to your health, if necessary to run the engine in an enclosed area use an exhaust pipe extension or have proper ventilation. Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 115

Maintenance • Be careful of fluids under pressure – Use a piece of cardboard or wood to find leaks – Never use your bare hand – Wear a face shield or safety goggles • If fluid is injected into any part of your body, go to a doctor for treatment immediately Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 116

Maintenance • • Stop the engine while refueling Don’t smoke when using starting ether Lead acid batteries can be explosive – Keep arcs, sparks and flames away Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 117

Maintenance • Special tools and procedures are required for tire repair – Call a repair service • Maintain correct tire pressure – Do not over-inflate • Do not operate equipment if – Tires are cut or damaged – Lug bolts are missing Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 118

Test Your Knowledge • Do you understand – Your safety program – The machine manuals – Proper clothing and PPE – The machine controls, warnings and devices Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 119

Test Your Knowledge • How to inspect, mount and start your machine • How to check for properation • Your work area and any special hazards • Properating procedures Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 120

Test Your Knowledge • Do you understand – Proper parking, shutdown and dismounting – Proper maintenance procedures – Proper unloading and loading procedures – The conditions where you should not operate your machine Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 121

Conclusion It is impossible for this course to cover every hazardous situation you may encounter. Your knowledge of the safety precautions from this course and adherence to the basic rules of safety will help you use good judgment in all situations. Safety is your business and responsibility Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 122

Questions? • Answers to additional questions can be found in the following source materials – 29 CFR 1926 Construction Regulations – AEM Roller/Compactor Safety Manual Developed under an OSHA Susan B. Harwood Grant, #SH-19499 -09 -60 -F-48, by the Associated Builders and Contractors-Central Texas Chapter 123