Epidemiology Prevalence Incidence Endemic Epidemic Pandemic Carriers Mortality

Epidemiology • • • Prevalence - % Incidence - # Endemic Epidemic Pandemic

Carriers • • • Mortality Morbidity Disease Reservoirs Acute Carriers Incubation Period Chronic Carriers

Transmission • • • Host-to-Host Zoonosis Vector Fomites Food and Water Common-Source Epidemic

John Snow Stopped Cholera Epidemic in London (1855) by Removing Broad Street Pump Handle

Host Parasite Coevolution • Australian feral rabbits • 1950 – Myxoma virus 95% mortality • 1980 previrus levels • Gonorrhea • Scarlet fever

Herd Immunity Nosocomial Infections Opportunistic pathogens Mycosis

Public Health • • • Control Reservoir Prevent Transmission Immunization Quarantine Surveillance CDC –Center for Disease Control and Prevention • Pathogen Eradication

Global Health • Travel • Developing Countries • Reemerging Diseases • Emerging Diseases

Biological Warfare • Easy to produce and deliver - aerosol • Safe • Incapacitate or Kill • 1972 Biological & Toxin Weapon Convention

Biological Weapons Any Pathogen? Smallpox Eradicated? Russia and United States Delivery Aerosol Drinking water Food Protection?

Anthrax • Bacillus anthracis • Common in soil • Domestic animals • Pulmonary anthrax • 8000 – 50000 spores • Weaponized • 8 day incubation • Ciprofloxacin - Cipro

Epidemiology Word List Prevalence Incidence Endemic Disease Reservoirs Fomites Acute Carrier Food and Water Incubation Period Epidemic Chronic Carrier Common-Source Epidemic Pandemic Typhoid Mary John Snow - Cholera Carrier Transmission Herd immunity Mortality Host-to-Host Nosocomial Infections Morbidity Vector

Epidemiology Word List 2 Opportunistic pathogens Surveillance Mycosis Global Health Public Health Travel Control Reservoir Developing Countries Prevent Transmission Immunization Reemerging Diseases Quarantine Emerging Disease Pathogen Eradication