EOC REVIEW Use Civics 360 org website for

EOC REVIEW Use Civics 360. org website for extra review. We will review by reporting categories. Potential Test Date: 5/20/20 - TBA

Mr. Raymond’s Civics EOC Category 2 Review https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=b. Gqt. O 2 s. Gm Wo

Category 2: ROLES, RIGHTS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF CITIZENS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Citizenship: SS. 7. C. 2. 1 Obligations of Citizens: SS. 7. C. 2. 2 Bill of Rights & Other Amendments: SS. 7. C. 2. 4 Constitutional Safeguards & Limits: SS. 7. C. 2. 5 Constitutional Rights: SS. 7. C. 3. 6 13 th, 14 th, 15 th, 19 th, 24 th, & 26 th Amendments: SS. 7. C. 3. 7 7. Landmark Supreme Court Cases: SS. 7. C. 3. 12

Court Cases to Analyze You need to include: 1. Name of the Case 2. What was it about/Main idea 3. How does it relate to the Constitution? Constitutional Principals. • • • Marbury v. Madison Plessy v. Ferguson Brown v. Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Gideon v. Wainwright In re Gault Tinker v. Des Moines USA v. Nixon Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

Cases to Remember Case Summary Marbury v. Madison First time Judicial Review was used (Judicial review – is the Supreme Court’s ability to say that something is Unconstitutional/against the constitution) Plessy v. Ferguson Homer Plessy challenged his ability to go in a whites train cart, the decision made was that segregation was legal, as long as things were “separate, but equal” Brown v. Board of Education Linda Brown’s father fought for Linda to be able to go the White school that was closer to home. He won and the integration of schools began Miranda v. Arizona Miranda was arrested and confessed to crimes because he didn’t know his 5 th amendment. Decision was that people must be told their rights when arrested.

USA v. Nixon President Nixon paid 5 men to wiretap the office of the Democratic National Committee. He denied being involved, but later it was discovered that he was. When asked to provide the court the tapes of what he recorded President Nixon refused, stating that as President he had the executive power to not release the tapes as evidence to the court. 1. USA v. Nixon 2. Nixon was caught spying on other political party and did not want to turn over evidence. 3. Rule of Law

In re Gault In 1964, an Arizona sheriff took 15 -year-old Gerald Gault into custody after a woman complained Gerald another boy made an indecent phone call. The sheriff left no notice for Gerald’s parents, who had to figure out on their own where Gerald went. At the station, the deputy told Gerald’s mom there would be a hearing the next day. They kept Gerald in custody overnight. At the hearing, nobody wrote anything down or recorded what was said. Witnesses were not sworn in, and the woman who complained about the phone call wasn’t there. The judge said he would think about what to do, and they kept Gerald in custody for two or three more days. A few days later, Gerald’s mom got a note that there would be another hearing. Again, nobody made any record of what happened, and the woman wasn’t there. At both hearings, Gerald testified about what happened. At the end of second hearing, the judge found Gerald to be delinquent and said he must stay in juvenile detention until he turned 21.

Gideon v. Wainwright In 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon was charged with breaking into a Florida pool hall and stealing some beverages and about $5 in cash. He could not afford a lawyer, so he asked the court to appoint one for him. The court refused. Under Florida law, only a person charged with a crime that could result in the death penalty could have a free, courtappointed lawyer. Gideon defended himself in front of the jury. He examined witnesses and made legal arguments, but it wasn’t enough. The jury found him guilty and sentenced him to five years in prison. Right to free legal counsel – “if you can’t afford a lawyer, one

Tinker v. Des Moines In 1965, some middle and high school students wore black armbands to school to show their protest of the war in Vietnam. Before the day of the protest, the schools’ principals had heard about the students’ plan and told the students they could not wear the armbands. Five students were suspended from school for wearing the armbands. The students fought and won their right to protest as long as it does not cause a distraction 1 st Amendment – free speech (even for students)

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier Students enrolled in the Journalism II class at Hazelwood East High School were responsible for writing and editing the school's paper The Spectrum. Two of the articles submitted for publication in the final edition of the paper contained stories on divorce and teenage pregnancy. The divorce article featured a story about a girl who blamed her father's actions for her parents' divorce. The teenage pregnancy article featured stories in which pregnant students at Hazelwood East shared their experiences. To ensure their privacy, the girls' names were changed in the article. The school principal felt that the subjects of these two articles were inappropriate. He concluded that journalistic fairness required that the father in the divorce article be informed of the story and be given an opportunity to comment. He also stated his concerns that simply changing the names of the girls in the teenage pregnancy article may not be sufficient to protect their anonymity and that this topic may not be suitable for the younger students. As a result, he prohibited these articles from being published in the paper. There are limits to freedom of speech in schools. . puts limits on Tinker decision. Free speech/press limited in school

Bush v. Gore • Divided court gives election to Bush • Stops the Florida recount of votes

What if there is a case I don’t know? • First read the information that they provide about the case. • Then think about what you DO KNOW that is related to the case. • Amendments • Constitutional Principles