ENZYMES Modified from Enzymes Your Body By Malinda

ENZYMES Modified from: Enzymes & Your Body By Malinda Pires& Ms. Mezzetti Biology Lynn English High School

MA Standard 1. 3: Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. Identify factors, such as p. H and temperature, which have an effect on enzymes

Enzymes are Catalysts Enzymes, which are a types of proteins, speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes are catalysts to over 4000 biochemical reactions! http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: GLO 1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast. gif Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

Activation Energy Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Activation_energy. svg Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

DEMO Break the String

Enzymes are Reusable Enzymes are reusable molecules found in living things. Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach.

Naming Enzymes Take the name of the substrate the enzyme works on and add the suffix -ase Example: Lactose Lactase Sucrose Sucrase Not always the case-some enzymes end in ‘zyme Catalase acts by breaking down H 2 O 2 Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

Induced Fit Model Enzymes can form to the shape of its substrate. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Induced_fit_diagram. svg Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

Denaturing Enzymes When an enzyme is denatured it is damaged. Denaturing changes the shape. Without the correct shape enzymes won’t function properly. HOW are enzymes denatured? Temperature p. H amount of substrate or salt Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

Enzyme Inhibitors Chemicals that prevent the enzyme from working. Inhibitors decrease the enzyme reaction rate.

Enzyme Activators Chemicals that help the enzyme work. Activators increase the enzyme reaction rate. Active Site Activator X Binding Site Substrate Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

Why do we care about enzymes? What do jello, laundry stains and crackers have in common?

Enzymes are used all over your body! Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and

http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6 f/Major_digestive_enzymes. png/750 px-Major_digestive_enzymes. png Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College