ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION OF A CONTAMINATED OIL FIELD IBINAYIN

ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION OF A CONTAMINATED OIL FIELD IBINAYIN A. S. (B SC. PGD, FNIIS, CQPA (ASQ))

YMMACO NIGERIA LIMITED • • • ENVIRONMENTAL MGT BIOREMEDIATION WASTE MGT TREATMENT AND VOLARIZATION OF TREATMENT RESIDUE UNDERGROUND WATER PROTECTION CONSTRUCTION/MAINTENANCE OFWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BORE HOLE DRILLING PIPE LINE RETICULATION SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITY SUPPLIES COMPOST MAKING

PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON GOOD • AS SOURCE OF ENERGY • AS AN ECONOMIC RESOURCE BAD • WHEN SPILLED ON LAND , WATER OR AIR

ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION • THIS IS A PROCESS TO REDEEM OR REMEDY THE ENVIRONMENT FROM ANY SET BACK

APPROACHES TO ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION • PHYSICAL METHODS • CHEMICAL METHODS • BIO-TECH METHODS

PHYSICAL METHODS • SCOOPING OF HYDROCARBON SPILL • EXCAVATION OF TOP SOIL • USING FLOATERS TO ABSORB SPILLED OIL ON WATER

CHEMICAL METHODS • APPLICATION OF IN-ORGANIC FERTILIZERS • DIRECT INTRODUCTION OF NITROGEN AND/OR PHOSPHOROUS INTO THE SOIL (BIOVENTING) • ADDITION OF ANY IN-ORGANIC NEUTRALIZING AGENT INTO THE ENVIRONMENT • BIO PILES

BIO-TECH (BIO-REMEDIATION) METHOD • • • PHYTOREMEDIATION MICROBIAL REMEDIATION COMPOSTING ENGINEERED TREATED CELLS ETC

THE APPROACHES CAN BE • IN - SITU • OUT - SITU

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION • THAT BACTERIA OCCUR BY NATURE • THAT THEY ADAPT TO THEIR ENVIRONMENTS • MIROBIAL ACTIVITIES CAN BE LIMITED BY ENVIRONMENT/NUTRIENTS • THAT WHEN SUCH LIMITS ARE REMOVED MICROBE COMMUNITY CAN DEGRADESUBSTRATES • AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION IS PREFFERED BECAUSE ITS FASTER AND COMPLETES DEGGRADATION • SOME MICROBES MULTIPLY FASTER WHEN IN CONTACT WITH HYDROCARBON CONTAMINANTS • THAT MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION CAN LEAD TO TOXIC WASTE • THAT SELECTED PLANTS CAN REMEDIATE A CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENT

EXAMPLES OF BIOREMEDIATION MICROBES • NATURAL BACTERIA ( FLAVOBACTERIUM SPP, PSEUDOMONAS SPP • MIXED BACTERIA (CONSORTA, ANEROBES) • GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MICROBES • FUNGI

PHYTOREMEDIATION • • PHYTOTRASFORMATION PHYTODEGRADATION PHYTOSTABILIZATION PHYTOSTIMULATION PHYTOVOLATILIZATION RHIZOFILTRATION PHYTOEXTRACTION

LOCAL EXAMPLESOF SUCH PLANTS • • • PIG WEED (BOEHOVIA DIFFUSA) HEMP (CANNABIS SATIVA) LEGUMES TOBACCO SUNFLOWER CORN GRASSES HYCINTH ETC

PREVIOUS EXPERIENCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION • JONES CREEK SPILL (SPDC-W) • SAGHARA OIL-FIELD (SPDC-W) • JESSE (DEVIN REMEDIATION)

OUR USUAL PRELIMINARY PROCEDURES • STUDY THE HISTORY OF THE ENVIRONMENT • IS THEIR ACCLIMATED POPULATION OF DESIRABLE MICRORGANISMS • IS THERE A REDUCING ZONE (BACTERIA ACTIVITY) • WHAT IS THE HYDROLOGY • DISTRIBUTION OF CONTAMINANTS(VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL) • CONCENTRATION OF CONTAMINANT • LITHOLOGY OF THE SUBSURFACE