Environmental Change Institute Multiple benefits of energy efficiency

Environmental Change Institute Multiple benefits of energy efficiency Fuel poverty and climate action Dublin, 6 March 2017 Brenda Boardman

Affordable warmth 10% of income for all energy services } Energy efficiency of the dwelling { 24 hour mean internal temperature of 18°C (+ other energy services)

Heating expenditure for a low income, pensioner couple in council accommodation Present € 6. 65 For adequate warmth a) existing poorly insulated home • poor heating system € 16. 15 + € 9. 50 • efficient heating system € 10. 35 + € 3. 70 € 5. 65 - € 1. 00 b) well insulated home • efficient heating system

Low income + poor housing Low income Energy inefficient housing Energy efficient housing High income

Households in fuel poverty by BER category

Defining fuel poverty vs identifying fuel poor o Lot of options for definition o OK for modelling, often useless on the doorstep o Monitoring and delivery are two very different tasks o Start with how to identify and who does it, eg o Individual properties (low rating) o Individual people / households (eg ill health) o Areas of deprivation (area based) title, edit in 01 Presentation November 2021 header Page 6 and footer (view menu)

Fuel poverty and health o Strong links between mental and physical ill health and fuel poverty o Tackling fuel poverty a key preventative measure o Work with health service for referrals – they know the people and their addresses, you don’t o Or doctor’s surgeries to identify areas of concentrated ill health o Don’t expect health services to pay for measures

Multiple benefits of energy efficiency IEA 2014 Presentation title, edit in header and footer (view menu) 01 November 2021 Page 8

Synergies: fuel poverty and climate change o Both about capital investment o Upgrade homes to super energy-efficient, lowcarbon (A 1/B 2) o Climate change @ 50, 000 pa x 32 years o Fuel poverty @ 50, 000 pa x 6 years

Which policies: regulation or money? o Regulate – mandatory minimum standards, all tenures, over time o Or grants for those with no money o Are you giving grants to poor people, even when they have rich landlords? o Or are you making the rich landlord improve the property?

Raising the money for grants o Is this from general taxation, via The Treasury? o Progressive, as poor often pay no tax o Or is it being funded by the utilities, via all customers? o Regressive, fuel poor contribute, whether or not they benefit o Recycle money from fuel allowances? o How quickly will you upgrade all fuel poor homes? o To what standard? o So, what is the budget?

How to deliver? o Area-based approaches o The most-trusted agency = local authority o o Takes responsibility for delivery o Manages installers o Works with community groups o Provides single point of contact for housing and health So, give each local authority the duty to reduce fuel poverty

Thank you Brenda. Boardman@ouce. ox. ac. uk