Environmental Change Institute Climate change and fuel poverty

Environmental Change Institute Climate change and fuel poverty 16 March 2017 APSE, Leamington Spa Brenda Boardman, Emeritus Fellow

UK climate change commitments o 2008 Climate Change Act – 80% reduction in UK’s greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, over 1900 o Zero carbon dioxide emissions from buildings by 2050: ‘sensible to plan … (for) near-full decarbonisation of both buildings and surface transport by 2050’ (CCC) o ‘Current policy in the UK is not enough to deliver the existing carbon budgets that Parliament has set’ (CCC)

Paris Agreement 2015 o Endeavour to keep world temperature rise to 1. 5 o. C, for ever o Means phasing out fossil fuel usage, asap o No use of fossil fuels anywhere in the world by 2040 o UK government not identified new policies yet

Carbon emissions: 2016 -2050 2 Tonnes of carbon per dwelling p. a. 1. 8 1. 6 1. 4 Existing stock 2016 1. 2 1 New for old 2050 0. 8 0. 6 Additional new 2050 0. 4 Refurbished stock 2050 0. 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Number of homes (millions) 30 35 40

Energy efficiency distribution of Minimum housing householdsstandards

Rate of progress – whole housing stock English housing 1996 - 2014 = 0. 89 SAP points reduction pa o 2014 - 2050 = 1. 08 SAP points pa o At 100 by 2050 o 71, 480 properties every hour to 2050 o

Space heating o UK housing stock, 2016 150 k. Wh/m 2 pa o Enerphit (retrofit) 25 k. Wh/m 2 pa o Passivhaus (new build) 15 k. Wh/m 2 pa

% EPC bands and fuel poverty, England, 2014 Presentation title, edit in header and footer (view menu) 02 October 2020 Page 8

Fuel poverty strategy targets o By 2020: lift 287, 000 F & G to E+ @ 72, 000 pa o By 2025: lift 1, 045, 000 E to D+ @ 209, 000 pa o By 2030: lift 2, 100, 000 D to C+ @ 420, 000 pa o In 2013 -14 lifted out of F & G 26, 000

Policy on fuel poverty o 2. 4 m fuel poor households in 2014 in England o ECO 3: 160, 000 households eligible to be helped, may not be fuel poor o Fuel Poverty Strategy: 2020 target to upgrade 287, 000 F and G households unlikely to be achieved o 2025 and 2030 targets even more difficult o Privately-rented sector – no workable policy o HHSRS: not enforced

ECO money Was a total of Of which, for fuel poverty That is Proposed total Of which, for fuel poverty That is £ 870 m £ 310 m 36% £ 640 m £ 450 m 70% ECO - more money focused on fuel poverty 4 m households eligible for affordable warmth 1. 3 m / 2. 4 m fuel poor eligible 160, 000 will get assistance @ £ 2, 800 per household on average title, edit in 02 Presentation October 2020 header Page 11 and footer (view menu)

Northern Ireland Fuel poverty policy o Rank COA for fuel poverty, by LA o All LA participate o LA knock on doors to determine eligibility o £ 20, 000 household income threshold o £ 10, 000 -worth of measures, Govt money o Landlords pay 50% o Household chooses installer

Thank you Brenda. Boardman@ouce. ox. ac. uk