Entertainment 142022 1 Contents 142022 Introduction You Tube

Entertainment 1/4/2022 1

Contents • • • 1/4/2022 Introduction You. Tube Principles Hulu, Pandora Copyright Fair Use 2

Introduction • Entertainment before the internet was the province of experts, as in the picture on the previous page. • Now it is commonly produced by amateurs, as in You. Tube. • Notice, at http: //www. readwriteweb. com/archives/top_10_youtube_ videos_of_all_time. php , that 6 -8 of the top 10 videos are by professionals. What does this mean? Remember the Long Tail? 1/4/2022 3

You. Tube • Login: lenshapiro • Lenshapiro/Account – Left: Profile setup, etc • Subscriptions: Subscribe to the channels of members you like. – Do it by clicking "subscribe" at the video or on the member's page • Favorite, Share, Playlists, Flag – below a video • Commenting on a video, or post a video response • Uploading a video 1/4/2022 4

What do you notice about You. Tube? • How is it like other applications we have seen? • How are you encouraged to – make greater use of You. Tube? – contribute to You. Tube? – communicate with other members? • How does Google make money from You. Tube? 1/4/2022 5

Which Principles does You. Tube embody? • Data Rules: The value of an application is increased by the scale and dynamism of the data it manages • The long tail: Small products/ideas make up the great majority of all products/ideas. • Use your Users: Enable users to contribute content to the application • The Power of Groups: Apply the wisdom of users to solve problems • Enable Community: Enable users to share their experiences in your application • Folksonomy, not Taxonomy: Utilize user-generated tags to classify items, instead of expertly generated categories 1/4/2022 6

Hulu, Pandora • www. hulu. com Video on demand, ad based, feature films, TV programs • www. pandora. com Music recommendation and radio service. Uses 400+ musical attributes. Ad or subscription based. 1/4/2022 7

Copyright law • Based on Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 of the US Constitution: – "To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; " 1/4/2022 8

How can you tell if a work is Copyrighted? • Legally, if you created it, you have a copyright • Best guideline: if the work says so, e. g. with © – © 1998 means created in 1998, copyright is for at least 50 years • Good reference: http: //www. whatiscopyright. org/ 1/4/2022 9

Copyright law • Arguments for observing copyrights: – Notice "promote the progress" in the constitution. Copyrights motivate artists and scientists to be creative – Artists are not paid a salary, they are paid only if you pay them for each copy of their work. – High salaries are rare and motivate struggling artists. So the argument that "artists make lots of money" doesn't make sense. 1/4/2022 10

Fair Use • • But I see short clips of copyrighted text, videos and music on the internet, and in classes. Isn't this a violation of copyright? No, because there's a Fair Use doctrine in the US copyright code that permits copying of copyrighted material based on four principles: – – • the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; the nature of the copyrighted work; the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. http: //www. law. cornell. edu/uscode/html/uscode 17/usc_sec_17_000 00107 ----000 -. html 1/4/2022 11

Passwords • The next topic, Blogs, and future topics, includes a link to a password-protected file. So now I'm going to tell you the password. 1/4/2022 12