Enteric Bacteria For example Escherichia Salmonella Proteus Enterobacter

Enteric Bacteria � For example: Escherichia, Salmonella, Proteus, Enterobacter

Fermentation types in enteric bacteria � Mixed acid fermentation (mainly acetic, lactic and succinic acid) � 2, 3 butanediol fermentation (mainly butanediol, ethanol, CO 2, H 2)

Escherichia genus � Synthesis of vitamin K � Facultative aerob � Rarely needs growth factor � Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) � Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) � Food poisoning O 157: H 7 strain

Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus � Many members of the Salmonella genus are pathogens � Immunological classification is made according to 3 types of cell surface antigens in the strains that cause typhoid. � O or cell wall (somatic) antigen (part of LPS) � H or flagellar antigen � Vi (outer polysaccharide layer) antigen

Proteus genus with fast mobility and urease enzymes specific Serratia genus can synthesize red colored pigment (prodigiosin)

Vibrio, Aliivibrio ve Photobacterium � Vibrio cholera (chlorea) � Vibrio parahaemolyticus (gastroenterite, raw fish meat)

Bacterial Bioluminescence � Light emitting feature � Vibrio, Aliivibrio and Photobacterium, Shewanella, Photorhabdus � The habitat of most of these bacteria is the aquatic environments such as oceans.

Mechanism of Bioluminescence � For luminescence in bacteria, there is a need for a long-chain aliphatic aldehyde such as tetradecanal, lux. CDABE genes, the luciferase enzyme that catalyzes the reactions with O 2, and the reduced flavin mononucleotide (FMNH 2).

Quorum Sensing � The light emission mechanism is controlled by quorum sensing due to its density-dependent nature.