ENTAM TWG PLANT PROTECTION MEETING Bologna 24 October

ENTAM TWG PLANT PROTECTION MEETING Bologna, 24 October 2014 Agenda 1. Presentation and discussion of the results of the round robin test carried out on nozzles within the ENTAM TWG PP partners (D. Stieg, JKI) 2. Official release of ENTAM Technical Instructions for field crop and for air -assisted sprayers amended on the basis of ENISO 16119 -1 -2 -3 (P. Balsari, Di. SAFA) 3. ENTAM/EOS certification: definition of the Technical Instructions and promotion of EOS framework (P. Marucco, Di. SAFA) 4. ENTAM Technical Instructions for certification of vertical patternators (P. Balsari, Di. SAFA) 5. ENTAM activity advertising with regards to the Antam (asian network) operation (G. Fancello, ENTAM Office) 6. Various

2 - Official release of ENTAM Technical Instructions for field crop and for air-assisted sprayers amended on the basis of ENISO 16119 -1 -2 -3 During last ENTAM TWG Plant Protection meeting held in Grugliasco on 12 -13 June 2013 it was agreed to revise the ENTAM Technical Instructions for field crop and for air-assisted sprayers according to the contents of the new ENISO 16199 parts 1, 2 and 3. A draft of the amended ENTAM TI for field crop sprayers (rel. 5) was prepared by JKI. A draft of the amended ENTAM TI for air-assisted sprayers (rel. 5) was prepared by Di. SAFA – University of Torino. Both drafts were exchanged between JKI and Di. SAFA at the end of July 2013 but then there was not any follow up and the new documents are still not published on the ENTAM website. Proposed action: to analyse the amended parts and to publish the revised ENTAM TI for field crop and air-assisted sprayers sprayer (rel. 5) by December 2014 on the ENTAM website.

3 - ENTAM / EOS certification: definition of Technical Instructions and promotion of EOS framework

E nvironmentally O ptimized S prayer

What is EOS is a free web based software to evaluate the environmental performance of a sprayer sponsored by ECPA available at www. topps-eos. org EOS has been developed by a network of international experts (from Research to Farm advice, from Plant Protection manufacturers to Sprayer manufacturers) Visavis Sweden DAAS Danmark ISK Poland JKI Germany LWK-NRW Germany Bayer Crop Science BASF Syngenta POVLT Belgium Vigne- Vin France Deiafa University Turin Italy Univ. Polyt. Catalunya Barcelona ES ARAG Italy Caffini Italy Amazone Germany ECPA

How EOS works ENVIRONMENTAL OPTIMISED SPRAYER (EOS) SCORE 100 THE SPRAYER WITH HIGHEST VALUES OF ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES SPRAYER TO BE ENVIRONMENTALL Y EVALUATED

EXAMPLE OF END RESULT OF THE EOS TOOL RISK AREA EOS INDEX REACHED Inside contamination 90 Outside contamination 43 Filling 55 Drift + spray losses 66 Remnants 66 Total 69 STARS

HOW EOS CAN BE USED EOS tool can be applied for Sprayers already in use TO SELF EVALUATE THE PRESENT “ENVIRONMENTAL” VALUE OF THE SPRAYER IN ORDER TO HAVE INFORMATION ON HOW IT IS POSSIBLE TO IMPROVE THIS VALUE BY ADDING MITIGATION DEVICES New branded sprayers TO GUIDE THE CHOICE OF THE BEST OPTIONAL DEVICES ENABLING TO IMPROVE THE SPRAYER “ENVIRONMENTAL” VALUE

WHICH RESULTS SHOULD BE ACHIEVED Provide transparent information to stakeholders on the “environmental friendliness” of sprayers, comparing with best in class technologies EOS 50 EOS 70 EOS 90 EOS 100

WHICH RESULTS SHOULD BE ACHIEVED Provide Authorities with a tool to justify incentives for improved sprayers Sprayers already in use EOS 30 New branded sprayers EOS 70

EOS / ENTAM CERTIFICATION EOS LEVEL EOS / ENTAM CERTIFICATION STANDARD LEVEL ENTAM CERTIFICATION (LEVEL OF REQUIREMENTS FOR FULFILLING PRESENT EN/ISO REQUIREMENTS)

EOS / ENTAM CERTIFICATION - WITH THE NEW MACHINERY DIRECTIVE AND SUD, EOS/ENTAM CERTIFICATION COULD HELP TO PROMOTE THE BEST SPRAYERS THAT GO FURTHER THE STANDARDS - EOS/ENTAM CERTIFICATION (PREMIUM PLUS TEST? ? ) COULD BE A TOOL TO IMPROVE THE REQUEST OF SPRAYER MANUFACTURERS FOR AN ENTAM CERTIFICATION DUE TO THE ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE OF THE CERTIFICATION THAT THEY CAN ACHIEVE

ENTAM TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR EOS CERTIFICATION FOR EACH SPRAYER TESTED IN ENTAM NETWORK, CONSIDER TO FILL IN THE EOS QUESTIONNAIRE AT WWW. TOPPS-EOS. ORG EXAMPLE OF FILLING IN OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE BASIS OF AN ENTAM TECHNICAL PAPER….

Air-assisted sprayer Friuli Drift Recovery 600

Field crop sprayer Gaspardo Sirio 18 m

PROPOSED FUTURE STEPS 1. MAKE ENTAM PARTNERS CONFIDENT WITH EOS: MAKE AN EOS EVALUATION OF SPRAYERS ALREADY ENTAM CERTIFIED OR UNDER CERTIFICATION AND COLLECT COMMENTS / PROPOSALS FROM PARTNERS BY SPRING 2015 2. START A COLLABORATION ENTAM-ECPA TO IMPROVE THE PRESENT VERSION OF EOS AND TO DISSEMINATE EOS CONCEPT TO THE MEDIA 3. INFORM SPRAYERS MANUFACTURERS ON THE POSSIBILITIES TO HAVE AN ENTAM/EOS CERTIFICATION (PREMIUM PLUS? ? )

4 - ENTAM Technical Instructions for vertical patternators A first proposal

5 th SPISE Workshop Montpellier, 15 -17 October 2014 PERFORMANCES EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT VERTICAL PATTERNATORS P. Balsari, M. Tamagnone, P. Marucco, D. Allochis, P. Vai, C. Bozzer

Introduction Can be useful to evaluate the vertical distribution of sprayers for bush and tree crops Sprayer adjustment at the inspection workshop ISO/FDIS 16122 -3 Height from the ground (m) Vertical patternator

Introduction ISO/FDIS 16122 -3 (2014) Par. 4. 9. 3. 3: ”Optional vertical distribution information. In order to provide the owner/operator with further information in addition to 4. 9. 1 and 4. 9. 3. 1 to 4. 9. 3. 2, the vertical spray distribution information may be provided for example by measurement, using a vertical patternator, or by other visualization means. NOTE: Test method and vertical patternator specifications are still under development. ”

Introduction At present different types of patternators are used in the workshop But generally there are no indications about their technical performances !!

Tests main purpose: To define methodology and criteria for the vertical patternator evaluation

Materials and methods: - Use of 5 Patternator types - Use of different types of spray: a) Droplets size b) Air speed and direction

The five patternators used: Vertical patternator 1) steel plate Height : 3320 mm Width: 1000 mm Vertical resolution: 100 mm 3320 Height of the first collector from the ground: 455 mm 1000 Three vertical arrays of collectors. Dimensions of collectors: 100 300

The five patternators used: Vertical patternator 2) steel plate Height : 3060 mm Width: 640 mm Vertical resolution: 200 mm Height of the first collector from the ground: 465 mm 3060 640 Two vertical arrays of collectors. Dimensions of collectors: 200

The five patternators used: Vertical patternator 3) plastic plate Height : 3200 mm Width: 640 mm Vertical resolution: 200 mm 3200 0 640 Two vertical arrays of collectors. Dimensions of collectors: Height of the first collector from the ground: 500 mm 200 220

The five patternators used: Vertical patternator 4) lamellae Height: 3500 mm Width: 1800 mm Vertical resolution: 100 mm (liquid is collected in one tube every 3 grooves) 3500 Height of the first lamella from the ground: 455 mm 1800

The five patternators used: 5) horizontal patternator ISO 5682 Groove width : 100 mm Groove depth : 200 mm Groove lenght: 2000 mm

Hollow cone nozzles used: Pressure used: 10 bar Nozzles Type Flowrate (l/min) D 50 (µm) TXB 8001 VK Standard 0, 68 70 TXB 8002 VK Standard 1, 44 80 TXB 8004 VK Standard 2, 75 105 AITXB 8001 VK Air induction 0, 70 245 AITXB 8002 VK Air induction 1, 45 380 AITXB 8004 VK Air induction 2, 75 460

The five patternators used: The equipment used for spraying: - Tangential fan with only one active nozzle 800 mm Distance between the nozzle and the patternator surface

Test description: Tangential fan with only one active nozzle Patternator Tangential fan 800 mm 30° 800 mm

Test description: Patternators static and spray unit moving Patternator and spray unit static V = 60 mm/s measured each time 3 replicates for each test

Air speed and direction: Tangential fan used in two operating modes: A B Mode A- With the spraying nozzle and the air flow perpendicular to the patternator’s surface Mode B- With the spraying nozzle and the air flow rotated 30° vs. the vertical axis 3 different air velocity measured on the patternator: - 5, 0 m/s - 8, 2 m/s - 12, 5 m/s

Materials and methods: Vertical patternator performance has been evaluated in terms of - Recovery capacity - Reproducibility of the recovery capacity results - Spray profile reproducibility

Materials and methods: Recovery capacity Recovery Capacity (RC) = measured amount of liquid collected by the patternator / sprayed amount of liquid Patternator 1 -2 -3 where: ai s Q t is the amount of liquid collected in each tube (ml); is the number of passes of the spray unit in front of the patternator; is the flow rate sprayed, expressed in ml/sec is the time (sec) spent by the spray unit in front of the collector Patternator 4 -5 where: ai is the amount of liquid collected in each tube and expressed in ml/min; Q is the flow rate sprayed, expressed in ml/min

Materials and methods: Reproducibility of recovery capacity Calculation of Coefficient of Variation between values of recovery capacity obtained in the different test replicates

Materials and methods: Reproducibility of spray profile Spray Profile Index 0 < SPI < 1 Low value = very similar profile High value = not similar profile

Test results: Recovery capacity Droplet size effect Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s Perpendicular air flow

Test results: Recovery capacity Droplet size effect Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s 30° rotated air flow

Test results: Recovery capacity Air velocity effect Nozzle: TXB 80 04 VK (VMD = 105 µm) Perpendicular air flow

Test results: Recovery capacity Air velocity effect Nozzle: AI TXB 80 04 VK (VMD = 460 µm) Perpendicular air flow

Test results: Reproducibility of recovery capacity Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s Perpendicular air flow

Test results: Reproducibility of recovery capacity Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s 30° rotated air flow

Test results: Reproducibility of spray profile Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s Perpendicular air flow

Test results: Reproducibility of spray profile Air velocity: 8, 2 m/s 30° rotated air flow

CONCLUSIONS 1) The criteria applied for the evaluation of the vertical patternator performance seemed able to discriminate the differences between the five types tested 2) Considerable effect of the droplets diameter (highest spray recovery with medium / coarse drops) 3) Low effect on spray recovery of the air velocity values used in the experiments

CONCLUSIONS 4) Acceptable data reproducibility (CV ≤ 20%) with all the test bench assessed 5) Spray profile detected on the different vertical patternator types examined resulted generally similar

Proposal of ENTAM Technical Instructions for vertical patternators (Amendment of ENTAM_TI for test facilities) X. Vertical patternator for air-assisted sprayers In order to make an assessment of the vertical spray profile from airassisted sprayers for arboreal crops, as indicated in ENTAM TI for airassisted sprayers, a vertical patternator shall be used. Minimum requirements for vertical patternators 1. The height of the vertical patternator shall guarantee the collection of the whole spray plume generated by the sprayer. 2. The minimum vertical resolution of the patternator shall be 200 mm.

Proposal of ENTAM Technical Instructions for vertical patternators (Amendment of ENTAM_TI for test facilities) 3. When using a conventional axial fan sprayer set up with nozzles that produce fine droplets according to BCPC classification and generating an air flow with air velocities measured in correspondence of the test bench between 5 and 15 m/s, the vertical spray profile obtained shall result reproducible during three replicates of the test carried out with the same sprayer setting. An index of spray profile reproducibility will be calculated as follows: e. g. and its value shall not exceed …. . ? ? ?

6 - Various • Necessity to improve knowledge and dissemination of ENTAM and of ENTAM activities • Specific ENTAM stand at EIMA 2014 • Realisation of an ENTAM brochure in English and in other ENTAM partners languages • Improvement of ENTAM website • Publication of articles about ENTAM in the partners countries farm magazines • ENTAM stand (press conference ? ? ) at Agritechnika 2016 • It is really recommended the support from all partners in this ENTAM dissemination direction