English Renaissance 1485 1660 A time of rebirth

English Renaissance 1485 -1660

A time of “rebirth” ✏ Two ✏ ✏ periods: The Elizabethan (1485 -1603) The Jacobean (1603 -1660)

Elizabeth Period ✏ Five ✏ ✏ ✏ monarchs Henry VII (1485 -1509) Henry VIII (1509 -1547) Edward VI (1547 -1553) Mary I (1553 -1558) Elizabeth I (1558 -1603)

Quick. Timeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The term “Elizabethan Period” ✏ Ruled longer than any other monarch during the Renaissance ✏ Attained new heights in world affairs, in art, in literature, in music

The term “Jacobean Period” ✏ Left no heirs ✏ Succeeded by son of her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots: James IV of Scotland ✏ Became King James I of England ✏ Ruled from 1603 -1625

Quick. Timeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. ✏ New Humanism way of looking at the world ✏ Questioning of authority and faith ✏ Rise of rationalism and skepticism ✏ Emphasis from religious to secular matters ✏ Great thinkers: Erasmus and More

Renaissance beginning ✏ Began in Italy in fourteenth century ✏ Was a time of rebirth of intellectual and artistic energies that characterized ancient Greek and Roman civilization

Beginnings (Continued) ✏ Famous Italians ✏ Petrach and Boccacio, writers ✏ Giotto, painter ✏ Brunelleschi, architecht ✏ Donatelle, sculptor ✏ Leonardo da Vinci, Michaelangelo, artists

Lorenzo de Medici (Lorenzo the Magnificent) ✏ Encouraged intellectual trends and artistic accomplishments ✏ Encouraged the goals of Renaissance Humanism ✏ Emphasized the capacities of the human mind and the achievement of human culture Quick. Timeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

Other Renaissance accomplishments in the world ✏ Territorial exploration and discovery ✏ Columbus in 1492 ✏ Sir Thomas More, center of an active and brilliant circle of English Humanists ✏ More’s Utopia (1516), first literary masterpiece of the English Renaissance ✏ Copernicus and Galileo, forerunners of modern astronomy

Protestant Reformation ✏ Martin Luther, Ninety-Five Theses, Wittenberg, Germany ✏ King Henry VIII, no divorce by Pope ✏ Anglican church

Succession after Henry VIII ✏ Edward, nine-year-old son ✏ Death after five years ✏ Half-sister Mary (daughter of Henry and Catherine of Aragon) ✏ Half-Spanish and a devout Catholic ✏ Reign of terror (“Bloody Mary”)

Succession (Continued) ✏ Death after five years (1558) ✏ Half-sister Elizabeth (daughter of Henry and Anne Boleyn) ✏ Twenty-five ✏ Accomplished linguist and poet ✏ Clever diplomat and shrewd politician

Most powerful nation ✏ Defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 ✏ Smaller and more maneuverable ships ✏ Storm ✏ Control of the seas

Entertainment ✏ First public theater near London in 1576 ✏ Closing of theaters in 1593 -94 because of plague ✏ Public outcry; reopening of theaters

Jacobean Era ✏ 1603 -1625 ✏ King James I ✏ King James version of the Bible ✏ Puritans, dissenting beliefs

End of Jacobean Era ✏ Death in 1625 ✏ Ascension of King James I’s son Charles ✏ Civil war ✏ Puritan movement ✏ Oliver Cromwell, commander of the Parliamentary forces (Ironsides, Roundheads

End of Jacobean Era (continued) ✏ Beheading of Charles I ✏ Establishment of Protectorate with Cromwell at the head ✏ Military dictatorship ✏ 1653 -1658 ✏ Death of Cromwell (1658)

“Restoration” of the monarchy ✏ Return of Charles II as king (1660) ✏ Election of Parliament ✏ Beginning of new era

References ✏ ✏ ✏ ✏ Adventures in English Literature (1985). United States: Harcourt, Brace Jovanovich Inc. 99 -118. Commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Holbein-erasmus 2. jpg Commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/Lorenzo_il Magnifico En. wikipedia. org/wiki/Elizabeth_i_of_england The Renaissance 1485 -1660. Elements of Literature Sixth Course (1993). United States: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 165 -186. The Renaissance 1485 -1660. Elements of Literature Sixth Course (2000). United States: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 190 -212. Unit 3: The Renaissance (1485 -1660). Mc. Dougal, Littel Literature Purple Level (1985). Evanston, IL: Mc. Dougal, Littel. College Notes (1967) and common knowledge *I have been using these notes since the mid-eighties with modifications over the course of time! All slides created by JB Hale.