English prepositions What is a preposition A preposition

English prepositions

What is a preposition? • A preposition is a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause. Examples: - The man in the room, - He came after dinner,

What is the function of prepositions? • Prepositions function as connectors, relating one word to another within a sentence. • Prepositions can convey information about location, time, or direction or provide details.

Time prepositions:

Arabic prepositions: Functions of prepositions in Arabic: 1. They serve to link a noun to another noun or a noun phrase to reveal the relationship between the two. ﺃﺤﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ Ahmed is in the school. 2. They relate a noun or a noun phrase to a verb in the sentence to reveal the correlation between them. ﻗﻔﺰﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ I jumped over the wall. ﻋﻦ relates the verb ﻗﻔﺰﺕ to the noun ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭ.

3. Arabic prepositions are served to join an adjective to a noun or a noun phrase to reveal the relationship between them. ﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﻠﻘ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ I was worried about the exam results.

Uses of Arabic prepositions 1. The temporal usage: Al-Marrani (2009) says that the prepositions indicating temporal relationship in Arabic are ﺣﺘﻰ ، ﻋﻠﻰ ، ﻓﻲ ، ﻣﻦ. 1 2 3 4 ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﺭﺟﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ I went out at dawn. I came back at 5 o’clock. I studied till/until dawn. I studied until morning.

Prepositions expressing the notion of cause • 1 – ﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﻑ. He died because of fright. • 2 – ﺟﺌﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ. I came according to a prior appointment. • 3 ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﻷﺪﺭﺱ I went to study

Prepositions expressing accompaniment ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻛﺐ ● The prince went out with his procession. ● the notion of

Prepositions expressing the notion of manner and instruments ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﺴﺎﻣﻪ I met him with a smile. ● ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻢ I wrote with the pen. ●

Compound prepositions