ENGLISH CIVIL WAR THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR WAS
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ENGLISH CIVIL WAR • THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR WAS A STRUGGLE BETWEEN PARLIAMENT (THE ORGANIZATION THAT REPRESENTED THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND) MONARCH AND THEIR KING CHARLES 1 PARLIMENT VS
PARLIAMENT VS. DIVINE RIGHT THIS CONFLICT BEGAN IN 1215 WITH THE SIGNING OF THE MAGNA CARTA ! • 1625 – PARLIAMENT MADE DEMANDS TO KING CHARLES I TO ALLOW THEM TO MAKE DECISIONS ON LAWS WHICH WOULD LIMIT THE ABSOLUTE POWER OF THE KING THESE DEMANDS WERE BASED ON 3 ISSUES ECONOMICS GOVERNMENT RELIGION (PURITANS VS. CATHOLICS)
11 YEARS TRYANY • PARLIAMENT WANTED MORE PARTICIPATION AND INFLUENCE IN THE GOVERNMENT REMEMBER PARLIAMENT ARE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE CITIZENS ! THEY WERE BUILDING ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE MAGNA CARTA 1215 • KING CHARLES RESPONSE WAS TO LOCK PARLIAMENT OUT OF THEIR MEETING PLACE ( USING HIS RYOAL ARMY !) • THE LOCK OUT LASTED - 11 YEARS!
THE CONFLICT CONTINUES • PARLIAMENT AND KING CHARLES ARGUE OVER THE KINGS…TAXATION AND SELLING TITLES OF NOBILITY • ONE MAN, JOHN HAMPDEN WHO WAS A MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT REFUSED TO PAY ONE OF THE KINGS NEW TAXES THAT PARLIAMENT HAD NOT AGREED UPON. • HE BECAME A SYMBOL OF DEFIANCE AGAINST THE KING FOR THE COMMON MAN OF ENGLAND
TRANSITION IN ENGLAND • THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN PARLIAMENT AND KING CHARLES I CONTINUED • KING CHARLES I HAD 5 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT ARRESTED THE HE CONSIDERD THE BIGGEST THREAT TO HIS MONARCHY • THE ENGLISH CITIZENS VIEWED THIS AS AN ATTTACK AGAINST THEM AND CIVIL WAR BEGAN ! SUPPORTERS OF PARLIAMENT VS. SUPPORTERS OF THE KING
TRANSITION IN ENGLAND • SUPPORTERS OF THE KING WERE CALLED ROYALISTS ! • SUPPORTERS OF PARLIAMENT WERE CALLED PARLIMENTARIANS ! • ENGLISH CITIZENS THAT SUPPORTED PARLIAMENT WERE LED OLIVER CROMWELL AND HIS NEW MODEL ARMY !
“PROTECTORATE PERIOD” • FROM 1649 -1659 ENGLAND HAD NO MONARCH • OLIVER CROMWELL BECAME THE LEADER OF ENGLAND TOOK THE TITLE “LORD PROTECTOR” OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF ENGLAND ! THIS 10 YEAR PERIOD IS KNOWN AS THE “PROTECTORATE PERIOID” BUT……. WHEN CROMWELL DIED ENGLAND BECAME UNSTABLE AND CHARLES II WAS INVITED TO THE THRONE IN 1660.
RESTORATION ( CATHOLIC ) • CHARLES II INVITED BY PARLIAMENT TO HAVE THRONE. • ENGLAND RETURNED TO A MONARCHY • WHEN CHARLES II DIED HIS BROTHER JAMES II WAS CROWNED KING. GLORIOUS REVOLUTION ( PROTESTANT ) • PALRIMENT TURNS TO MARY THE DAUGHTER OF KING JAMES II………. . • SHE IS MARRIED TO WILLIAM THE DUKE OF ORANGE WHO IS A PROTESTANT. • A DEAL IS MADE FOR THEM TO BECOME KING AND QUEEN WHEN THEY SIGN THE…………. . PROTESTANT LEADERS ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS IN PARLIAMENT FEAR A AND RETURN OF CATHOLIC • LIMITED GOVERNMENT POWER. IS SECURED !
