English Civil War and Revolution 1642 1660 Charles

English Civil War and Revolution (1642 -1660)

Charles I v. Puritans (1625 -1649) • 1628: Petition of Right • 1640: Long Parliament – Charles I needed $ for war – Abolished king’s power to dissolve Parliament – Parliament meets every 3 years – Abolished Court of Star Chamber – Puritans and the church?

The Irish Problem • • • Ireland’s SES 1641 rebellion starts King v. Parliament ENGLISH CIVIL WAR King v. Puritans Cromwell’s “New Model Army” defeated Charles I (fled to Scot) • Long Parliament became known a/t Rump Parliament – 60 Independent members – Abolished monarch & House of Lords – England becomes a commonwealth – Charles I is beheaded

English Civil War (1642 -1660) • • • Charles I Royalists Cavaliers Anglicans Catholics Nobles • • Oliver Cromwell Puritans Roundheads Protestants

Cromwell’s Commonwealth • • Leader & orator Divinely chosen Reluctant dictator 1653: Instrument of Government – First constitution – Lord Protector • Cromwell’s Gov’t – – – $ fm taxes and royalists Disciplined military Irish & Royalists no threat Encouraged indust & trade 1652 -1654: war w/t Dutch

The End of the Revolution • Experiment w/ Republican gov’t failed • Cromwell dissolved Parliament • Parliament of 1660 – Charles II invited back to power – Known as The RESTORATION • Another 30 years of tension continued btwn the monarchy and Parliament