Engaging with Maori Using our heads and hearts

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Engaging with Maori: Using our heads and hearts Ingrid Huygens n n n Erana

Engaging with Maori: Using our heads and hearts Ingrid Huygens n n n Erana Cooper – “learning the language of the heart” Emotions are a vocabulary in building relationships Supported by research & theorising locally & elsewhere

Keynote points from Erana Cooper q Be informed about history q Our emotional responses

Keynote points from Erana Cooper q Be informed about history q Our emotional responses situated in long histories of the Maori-Tauiwi relationship q Understand how historical & contemporary actions generate protest & struggle for Maori q Incorporate understanding of historical trauma into our practice as psychologists

“Emotion is the chief source of all becomingconsciousness. There can be no transforming of

“Emotion is the chief source of all becomingconsciousness. There can be no transforming of darkness into light and of apathy into movement without emotion” (Jung, 1938)

How are tauiwi doing with the language of the heart? 1700 s – 1860

How are tauiwi doing with the language of the heart? 1700 s – 1860 s Needed and wanted a relationship, negotiated a treaty 1850 s – 1970 s Pakeha had numbers & ideology – brutal indifference 1970 s onwards Re-engagement, asking ‘Why are you angry? ’ Ongoing ignoring + listening Ongoing complacency + remorse Ongoing dismissal + discomfort Ongoing betrayals + changes

Emotions in patterns of relationship (Gergen & colleagues, 1994) q. Emotions are features, not

Emotions in patterns of relationship (Gergen & colleagues, 1994) q. Emotions are features, not of individuals, but of relationships q. Emotions are internal events within relationships, intelligible through cultural interpretations q. Emotional sequences are cultural habits, so. . there always new patterns that can be learned

Emotional sequences (Gergen & colleagues, 1994) Anger – query – explanation (blame) – anger

Emotional sequences (Gergen & colleagues, 1994) Anger – query – explanation (blame) – anger /defense/hostility – anger. . . Anger – query – blame – remorse – caution/compassion/anger. . . Anger – query – explanation – empathy/ confirmation. . . Some emotions were end-points – guilt, acknowledgment, confirmation

Question: How do Pakeha change? Network Waitangi Whanganui-a-Tara, 2003

Question: How do Pakeha change? Network Waitangi Whanganui-a-Tara, 2003

Pakeha awakenings through q q q Emotional responses to stories of pain & struggle

Pakeha awakenings through q q q Emotional responses to stories of pain & struggle Standing in the shoes of the other – empathy, compassion Shock at disturbing statistics Network Waitangi Whangarei, 2003

First steps in learning & change for Pakeha/tauiwi Pakeha/t q Responding to Maori stories

First steps in learning & change for Pakeha/tauiwi Pakeha/t q Responding to Maori stories of pain and dispossession – shock, pain, grief. . . grief q Being critically challenged by Maori – discomfort, unease, remorse. . . remorse q Being immersed in supportive Maori environments – gratitude, ease, confidence. . . confidence Network Waitangi Otepoti, 2003

Network Waitangi Otautahi, 2003

Network Waitangi Otautahi, 2003

Waitangi Associates, 2003

Waitangi Associates, 2003

Emotional work in Maori-Tauiwi relationships Work with our processes of empathy, guilt & fear

Emotional work in Maori-Tauiwi relationships Work with our processes of empathy, guilt & fear to create myriad connections of action & hope, hope by. . . Hawkes Bay Treaty workers, 2003

Decolonisation for tauiwi – q Feeling pain & vulnerability of own ancestors displaced from

Decolonisation for tauiwi – q Feeling pain & vulnerability of own ancestors displaced from their lands q Understanding process of denial & distancing of such history q Relief & hope at building new relationships in this country Freedom Roadworks, 2003

Promising work elsewhere Weber & Carter (2003) q Trust as optimism, a distinctive way

Promising work elsewhere Weber & Carter (2003) q Trust as optimism, a distinctive way of seeing the other flavoured by expectation of goodwill from the other. q Requires a shared moral code in the social milieu Megan Boler (1999) q. Emotions guide moral & ethical evaluations, help us envision future possibilities and who we want to become.

Promising local work Maria Humphries, Betsan Martin & Te Kawehou Hoskins q. Relational ethics

Promising local work Maria Humphries, Betsan Martin & Te Kawehou Hoskins q. Relational ethics q. Response-ability in relationship.

Promising local work Arama Rata Forgiveness is the END of a complex process of:

Promising local work Arama Rata Forgiveness is the END of a complex process of: qrongo (commitment to restore relationships) qwhakapapa (interconnectedness between people, places, and events over time, forming identity) qkaupapa (agenda based on costs/benefits of forgiveness)

Using the language of the heart is complex, and necessary, , , Contact Ingrid

Using the language of the heart is complex, and necessary, , , Contact Ingrid Huygens for conference paper workwise@pl. net

References Boler, M. (1999). Feeling power: Emotions and education. New York: Routledge. Campbell, R.

References Boler, M. (1999). Feeling power: Emotions and education. New York: Routledge. Campbell, R. (2000). The emotionality of social change. The Community Psychologist, 32(5), 16 -18. Gergen, K. J. (1994). Realities and relationships: Soundings in social construction (pp. Chapter 9, P. 210 -235 Emotion in relationship). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Huygens, I. (2007). Processes of Pakeha change in response to the Treaty of Waitangi. Hamilton: University of Waikato. Narayan, U. (1988). Working together across difference: Some considerations on emotions and political practice. Hypatia, 3(2), 31 -47. Rata, A. , Liu, J. H. , & Hanke, K. (2008). Te Ara Hohou Rongo (The Path to Peace): Maori Conceptualisations of Inter-group Forgiveness. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 37(2 July). Weber, L. R. , & Carter, A. I. (2003). The social construction of trust. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.